{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "quai-branly",
 "type": "org",
 "names": {
  "name": "Musée du quai Branly — Jacques Chirac",
  "native": "Musée du quai Branly — Jacques Chirac",
  "lang": "fr",
  "aliases": [
   "Quai Branly",
   "MQB"
  ],
  "sort": "Quai Branly"
 },
 "region": [
  "western-europe",
  "west-africa",
  "central-africa",
  "pacific",
  "island-sea"
 ],
 "countries": [
  "FR"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "kind": "museum"
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Paris museum of the arts and cultures of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas, opened to the public on 23 June 2006 in a Jean Nouvel building beside the Seine. It holds more than a million objects and shows about 3,500 at a time. It is also where the French argument about returning colonial-era collections is loudest, because 70,000 of France's 90,000 sub-Saharan objects are here.",
  "story": "The museum was assembled out of two older ones with incompatible purposes: the 25,000 objects of the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie, created for the Colonial Exposition of 1931, and the 250,000-object ethnology collection of the Musée de l'Homme, created for the Paris Exposition of 1937. One was run by art historians, the other by anthropologists. The new museum was put under two ministries to match, and ten thousand further objects were bought.\n\nCritics went at it from both directions on opening. Michael Kimmelman in the New York Times, 2 July 2006, called it \"a missed opportunity and an inexplicable exercise\" and asked whether religious, ceremonial and practical objects, never intended as art in the modern Western sense, would be showcased \"like baubles, with no context\". James Clifford wrote that in this museum \"'illusion' and the 'work of art' coexist uneasily with the realism of ethnography and history\". Others praised the same building: the Financial Times called the layered galleries an \"animated, occasionally jarring dreamscape\", the Washington Post called it visually stunning.\n\nThe returns argument has a paper trail. In 2016 the French government refused objects requested by the president of Benin on the ground that the national collections are inalienable. In 2018 the report Emmanuel Macron commissioned from Bénédicte Savoy and Felwine Sarr argued that artefacts taken unlawfully in the colonial period should go back when asked for. Macron then promised Benin 26 pieces taken by force from Dahomey; no French law then existed to permit it. By late 2021 the objects were ready and the museum staged a final exhibition around them. Separately, after a change in French law in 2010, the museum returned mokomokai — Māori tattooed heads — to New Zealand on 23 January 2012.",
  "today": "In December 2025, 77 works from the museum's Louvre selection were installed in the Louvre's new Gallery of the Five Continents, shown alongside Western art. This project has not read the museum's own image-rights statement and makes no claim about whether its collection photographs are openly licensed; the safe assumption for this atlas's picture pipeline is that they are not."
 },
 "dating": {
  "period": "2006 to now",
  "from_year": 2006,
  "to_year": null,
  "living": true,
  "label": "inaugurated 20 June 2006, opened to the public 23 June 2006",
  "method": "textual",
  "tier": "cited",
  "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
 },
 "geo": {
  "lat": 48.8611,
  "lon": 2.2977,
  "precision": "street",
  "source": "hand-placed at 29–55 Quai Branly, 7th arrondissement, from the address given for the site"
 },
 "address": {
  "street": "37 Quai Branly",
  "city": "Paris",
  "country": "FR"
 },
 "tags": [
  {
   "tag": "repatriation",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": "26 objects returned to Benin after the 2018 Sarr–Savoy report; mokomokai returned to New Zealand 23 January 2012"
  }
 ],
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "nkisi",
   "as": "the Central African class of charged object held here in quantity, and named in restitution claims",
   "rel": "carries"
  },
  {
   "to": "akodessewa-market",
   "as": "the West African market where objects of the classes shown here as art are still traded and still made",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "to": "akuaba-figure",
   "as": "the Akan figure held in its West African collections",
   "rel": "carries"
  },
  {
   "to": "bakongo-nkisi-craft",
   "as": "the tradition much of its Central African holding comes from",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "te-papa",
   "as": "the museum that asked it for Māori remains and received them in January 2012",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "to": "british-museum",
   "as": "the other institution where the inalienability argument is made, under a different statute",
   "rel": "parallel"
  },
  {
   "to": "who-owns-a-charm",
   "as": "the long read on ownership; the Sarr–Savoy report of 2018 is its clearest recent document",
   "rel": "story"
  }
 ],
 "links": [
  {
   "label": "Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac — Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac"
  },
  {
   "label": "Museum website",
   "url": "https://www.quaibranly.fr/"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
  "s:wp-nkisi",
  "s:wp-nkondi",
  "s:wp-repatriation-cultural-property"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
  },
  "fields": {
   "text.today": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
    "note": "the image-rights sentence states what this project has not read, rather than characterising a policy from memory"
   },
   "geo": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "geocoded by hand to the Quai Branly frontage; no published coordinate was read"
   }
  }
 },
 "images": [],
 "confidence": "high",
 "needs_verification": true,
 "updated": "2026-09-16",
 "blurb": "Paris museum of the arts and cultures of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas, opened to the public on 23 June 2006 in a Jean Nouvel building beside the Seine.",
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "western-europe",
   "name": "Western Europe",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "W",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "west-africa",
   "name": "West Africa",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "W",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "central-africa",
   "name": "Central Africa",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "S",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "pacific",
   "name": "The Pacific",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "S",
    "E",
    "W"
   ],
   "note": "Polynesia, Melanesia, Micronesia"
  },
  {
   "key": "island-sea",
   "name": "Island Southeast Asia",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "S",
    "E"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "hemispheres": [
  "E",
  "N",
  "S",
  "W"
 ],
 "kin_out": [
  {
   "to": "nkisi",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Nkisi",
   "as": "the Central African class of charged object held here in quantity, and named in restitution claims",
   "rel": "carries"
  },
  {
   "to": "akodessewa-market",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Akodessawa fetish market",
   "as": "the West African market where objects of the classes shown here as art are still traded and still made",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "to": "akuaba-figure",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Akua'ba",
   "as": "the Akan figure held in its West African collections",
   "rel": "carries"
  },
  {
   "to": "bakongo-nkisi-craft",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Bakongo nkisi craft",
   "as": "the tradition much of its Central African holding comes from",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "te-papa",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa",
   "as": "the museum that asked it for Māori remains and received them in January 2012",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "to": "british-museum",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "The British Museum",
   "as": "the other institution where the inalienability argument is made, under a different statute",
   "rel": "parallel"
  },
  {
   "to": "who-owns-a-charm",
   "type": "story",
   "name": "Who owns a charm",
   "as": "the long read on ownership; the Sarr–Savoy report of 2018 is its clearest recent document",
   "rel": "story"
  }
 ],
 "source_list": [
  {
   "id": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-nkisi",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Nkisi",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkisi",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-nkondi",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Nkondi",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkondi",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-repatriation-cultural-property",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Repatriation (cultural property)",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repatriation_(cultural_property)",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  }
 ],
 "tiers": {
  "text.what": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
  },
  "text.story": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
  },
  "text.today": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
   "note": "the image-rights sentence states what this project has not read, rather than characterising a policy from memory"
  },
  "dating": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
  },
  "geo": {
   "tier": "inference",
   "note": "geocoded by hand to the Quai Branly frontage; no published coordinate was read"
  },
  "address": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac"
  }
 },
 "primary_image": null,
 "tag_facts": [
  {
   "key": "repatriation",
   "label": "Repatriation under way",
   "group": "collection",
   "evidence": "a published claim, agreement or return, named and dated",
   "source": "s:wp-mus-e-du-quai-branly-jacques-chirac",
   "note": "26 objects returned to Benin after the 2018 Sarr–Savoy report; mokomokai returned to New Zealand 23 January 2012",
   "tier": "cited",
   "url": ""
  }
 ],
 "recognition_facts": [],
 "acclaim": 0,
 "against_facts": [],
 "material_facts": [],
 "worn_facts": [],
 "form_fact": null,
 "holding_facts": [],
 "span": "2006 CE to now",
 "country_names": [
  {
   "iso": "FR",
   "name": "France"
  }
 ],
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "nkisi",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Nkisi",
   "as": "the Paris museum at the centre of the French restitution debate, holding 70,000 of France's 90,000 sub-Saharan objects",
   "rel": "org"
  },
  {
   "from": "bakongo-nkisi-craft",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Bakongo nkisi craft",
   "as": "the Paris holder at the centre of the French restitution debate after the Sarr and Savoy report",
   "rel": "org"
  },
  {
   "from": "te-papa-taonga",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Mana Whenua, Te Papa",
   "as": "the Paris museum this one asked for Māori remains and got them back from in January 2012",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "from": "te-papa",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa",
   "as": "the Paris museum it asked for Māori remains, and got them back from in January 2012",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "from": "who-owns-a-charm",
   "type": "story",
   "name": "Who owns a charm",
   "as": "the French collection at the centre of the restitution argument Sarr and Savoy opened in 2018",
   "rel": "org"
  }
 ]
}