{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "blessing-at-a-shrine",
 "type": "practice",
 "names": {
  "name": "Blessing at a shrine",
  "aliases": [
   "the shrine counter",
   "having it blessed",
   "taking it to the saint"
  ],
  "said": "the step that happens at the power's own address rather than at home"
 },
 "region": [
  "world",
  "japan",
  "china",
  "mainland-sea",
  "island-sea",
  "mesoamerica",
  "andes",
  "rome-italy",
  "western-europe",
  "levant"
 ],
 "countries": [
  "JP",
  "TW",
  "TH",
  "PH",
  "MX",
  "BO",
  "IT",
  "FR",
  "CA",
  "ES"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "stage": "charge",
  "era": "living",
  "status": "living",
  "restricted": "limited"
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Taking an object to where the power is, rather than bringing the power to the object. The move has two directions and this record keeps them apart. Outward: a shrine or temple charges a thing and issues it to you to carry away. Inward: you bring a thing and leave it there, pinned to a saint's robe, tied to a tree, hung on a wall. Same address, opposite traffic.",
  "story": "Japan runs the outward direction at national scale and describes the mechanism in its own words. The practice says of omamori that they are made sacred through ritual and contain busshin — spiritual offshoots — in a Shinto context, or kesshin, manifestations, in a Buddhist one. An ofuda is considered imbued with the power of the kami or Buddhist figure revered at the place that issued it, containing that essence, in the practice's own phrase, by virtue of its consecration. Both are available at shrines and temples to anybody, regardless of religious affiliation. Fushimi Inari Taisha, which the cited account credits with as many as 32,000 branch shrines across Japan, is one address at which that happens.\n\nThe drawing counter is a third thing again. An omikuji is a paper fortune drawn at a shrine or temple. If the prediction is bad, custom is to fold the strip and tie it to a pine tree or a rack of metal wires on the grounds, alongside the other bad fortunes — the reported reason being a pun between matsu, pine, and matsu, to wait: the bad luck waits by the tree rather than following the bearer. If the fortune is good, the bearer can tie it up anyway so that it takes greater effect, or keep it. A prayer written on a wooden ema and tied to a scaffold works the same way.\n\nTaiwan states a sequence. Issuing a ping'an fu, a peace-and-safety slip, involves the petitioner's name and birth date, incense, divination blocks and passing the slip in circles over the censer before it is handed over. This record names those steps because the source publishes them, and prints no wording.\n\nIn Catholic practice the Church has legislated the whole category. The Catechism sorts sacramentals into three kinds — blessings, consecrations and dedications, and exorcisms — and defines them as sacred signs bearing a resemblance to the sacraments, whose effects are obtained through the Church's intercession. The inward traffic is where its charm objects live: an ex-voto is placed in a church or chapel where the worshipper seeks grace or gives thanks, and is meant as a testimony to later visitors as much as to the figure invoked. Notre-Dame de la Garde in Marseille holds paintings, plaques, model ships, war medals and football shirts given by players and supporters of Olympique de Marseille. The Votive Chapel at Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal has hundreds of crutches, canes and braces fixed to iron grilles, left by pilgrims who said they were healed after meeting Brother André. A milagro is pinned to a saint's image as a reminder of what is needed or in thanks for an answer.\n\nThe scale of the inward traffic can be very large. Quiapo Church in Manila holds a novena every Friday, attended by thousands, at which devotees climb a narrow flight of stairs to kiss the foot of the Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno or wipe it with the handkerchiefs they bring every visit. At the Feast of Jesús Nazareno on 9 January 2024, 6.5 million devotees took part in the Traslación.\n\nAnd the two directions can meet on one day. At Alasitas in La Paz, people acting as shaman bless the miniatures at the fair, and at midday on 24 January the Catholic Church blesses the same gifts at the main cathedral.\n\n*Inference —* the thing that separates this from consecration proper is who the recipient is. A consecration is usually performed for a person, by a specialist who knows them, on an object that is already theirs. A shrine blessing is performed for anybody, in advance, on stock, in exchange for a donation. That is not a lesser rite; it is a different social arrangement, and it is the one that makes a counter possible.",
  "how": "Outward: the object is prepared, the rite is performed by the shrine or temple, the object is placed on a counter or in a case, and a visitor receives it for a donation. The Japanese wording is deliberate — omamori and ofuda are not bought but received, sazukaru or ukeru. Inward: the object is brought, sometimes made for the occasion, and left in a designated place — pinned to an image, hung on a grille, tied to a tree or a rack, fixed to a wall — where it stays as a record for the next visitor. In both directions the place, not the person, is what does the work, which is why people travel to it.",
  "today": "Live at every address in this record. Japanese shrines have extended the outward direction into categories that did not exist a generation ago — Kanda Myojin in Tokyo issues charms for IT equipment and electronics — and in 2022 Sega released free digital omamori. Quiapo's Traslación drew 6.5 million people in 2024, and the Archdiocese of Manila has proposed to the Holy See that 9 January be declared the national feast of the Jesús Nazareno. The inward traffic is the one that leaves walls and grilles full of objects, and those walls are the best-documented evidence in this atlas of what people actually ask for."
 },
 "restricted": {
  "note": "The words said over an object at a shrine belong to the shrine, the priesthood or the lineage that says them, and this record prints none of them. It names the sequence where a source publishes the sequence — incense, a name, a birth date, divination blocks, three passes over the censer — and stops there. It does not reconstruct a rite from a neighbouring tradition's, and it does not supply the wording of a blessing whose text a tradition keeps.",
  "who_says": "the traditions themselves as reported in the cited accounts: Japanese shrines describe the consecration as what makes the object what it is without publishing it, and Taoist talismanic transmission is passed in secret from priest to disciple",
  "source": "s:wp-ofuda"
 },
 "dating": {
  "period": "Medieval to the present",
  "from_year": 1336,
  "to_year": null,
  "living": true,
  "label": "from the Muromachi period on dated distribution; the act far older",
  "method": "textual",
  "circa": true,
  "tier": "cited",
  "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
  "note": "from_year is the start of the Muromachi period, when the cited account dates the beginning of widespread distribution of Ise talismans — the earliest dated shrine-issue system in this atlas. Blessing an object at a shrine is obviously far older; this is a floor set by a distribution record, not by the practice. Ex-voto deposition is described in the cited account as very old, with Abydos in ancient Egypt named as an example, and carries no year this project can cite."
 },
 "object": {
  "form": "packet",
  "materials": [
   "paper",
   "wood",
   "cloth",
   "silver",
   "lead",
   "ink"
  ],
  "worn": [
   "neck",
   "pocket",
   "wall",
   "door",
   "vehicle",
   "shop"
  ],
  "made_by": "a shrine, a temple, a church, or the petitioner in the inward direction; the blessing itself by priests, shrine offices, clergy, or people acting as shaman",
  "single_use": false,
  "source": "s:wp-omamori",
  "note": "No single object. The fields are the commonest things that pass over these counters."
 },
 "against": [
  {
   "harm": "traffic",
   "who": "Japanese shrines, which issue kōtsū-anzen omamori consecrated before they reach the counter",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "harm": "bad-luck",
   "who": "visitors who draw an omikuji and tie a bad one to a pine tree on the grounds, on the pun that the bad luck will wait by the tree rather than follow them",
   "source": "s:wp-o-mikuji",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "harm": "illness",
   "who": "petitioners who pin a milagro shaped like the afflicted part to a saint's image, and the pilgrims who left hundreds of crutches, canes and braces on the grilles of the Votive Chapel at Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal",
   "source": "s:wp-ex-voto",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "harm": "house",
   "who": "Japanese households, whose kanai-anzen charm and household-altar ofuda are both issued from a shrine",
   "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "harm": "drowning",
   "who": "the model ships among the ex-votos at Notre-Dame de la Garde in Marseille, and the Lod mosaic, thought to be an ex-voto for rescue from a shipwreck",
   "source": "s:wp-ex-voto",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "harm": "curse",
   "who": "the Catholic Church's own classification, which lists exorcisms among the three kinds of sacramental alongside blessings and consecrations",
   "source": "s:wp-sacramental",
   "tier": "cited"
  }
 ],
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "omamori",
   "as": "the outward direction in one object: a pouch made sacred by ritual before anyone sees it, then handed over for a donation",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ofuda",
   "as": "the tablet whose power the practice describes as held by virtue of its consecration",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "omikuji",
   "as": "the third kind of counter — a draw rather than an issue, with the paper tied up on the grounds if the answer is bad",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ping-an-fu",
   "as": "the case where the sequence is published: a name, a birth date, incense, divination blocks, and passes over the censer",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "milagro",
   "as": "the inward direction: the object exists to be left at the shrine, not carried away from it",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ekeko",
   "as": "where both directions land on one day — blessed at the fair, and blessed again at the cathedral at midday on 24 January",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "consecration",
   "as": "the same transfer done privately, by somebody who knows the recipient, on an object already theirs",
   "rel": "parallel"
  },
  {
   "to": "votive-wall",
   "as": "what the inward direction builds: a wall of other people's petitions, left where the next petitioner will read them",
   "rel": "art"
  },
  {
   "to": "fushimi-inari",
   "as": "the practice at the scale of 32,000 branch shrines",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "quiapo-church",
   "as": "the inward direction at its largest — 6.5 million people in the Traslación of 9 January 2024, and thousands every Friday",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "catholic-sacramentals",
   "as": "the tradition that wrote this step into canon law, and set out what it does and does not do",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "japanese-engimono",
   "as": "the tradition that turned the counter into a national distribution system with four changes of administrative owner",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "renewing-yearly",
   "as": "what happens next: a charm issued at a counter comes back to it in a year",
   "rel": "practice"
  }
 ],
 "links": [
  {
   "label": "Omamori — Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omamori"
  },
  {
   "label": "Ex-voto — Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex-voto"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-omamori",
  "s:wp-ofuda",
  "s:wp-o-mikuji",
  "s:wp-ema-shinto",
  "s:wp-fushimi-inari-taisha",
  "s:web-taiwanese-gods-fulu",
  "s:wp-ex-voto",
  "s:wp-milagro-votive",
  "s:wp-votive-offering",
  "s:wp-sacramental",
  "s:wp-quiapo-church",
  "s:wp-alasitas",
  "s:web-japantravel-kanda-myojin",
  "s:web-soranews-sega-omamori"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori"
  },
  "fields": {
   "dating": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
    "note": "a distribution floor, stated as such in the note"
   },
   "text.story": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
    "note": "the closing paragraph is marked inference where it appears"
   },
   "restricted": {
    "tier": "cited",
    "source": "s:wp-ofuda"
   },
   "object": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "this practice has no single object; the fields are the commonest things crossing the counters cited"
   }
  }
 },
 "images": [],
 "x_commons_files": [
  "File:Omikuji tied at shrine.jpg",
  "File:Ex-voto wall Notre-Dame de la Garde.jpg"
 ],
 "confidence": "high",
 "updated": "2026-09-17",
 "blurb": "Taking an object to where the power is, rather than bringing the power to the object. The move has two directions and this record keeps them apart.",
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "world",
   "name": "Everywhere",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "S",
    "E",
    "W"
   ],
   "note": "use for a sign or a practice documented on more than two continents"
  },
  {
   "key": "japan",
   "name": "Japan",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "china",
   "name": "China",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "mainland-sea",
   "name": "Mainland Southeast Asia",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "island-sea",
   "name": "Island Southeast Asia",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "S",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "mesoamerica",
   "name": "Mesoamerica",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "W"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "andes",
   "name": "The Andes",
   "hemi": [
    "S",
    "W"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "rome-italy",
   "name": "Rome and Italy",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "western-europe",
   "name": "Western Europe",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "W",
    "E"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "levant",
   "name": "The Levant",
   "hemi": [
    "N",
    "E"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "hemispheres": [
  "E",
  "N",
  "S",
  "W"
 ],
 "kin_out": [
  {
   "to": "omamori",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Omamori",
   "as": "the outward direction in one object: a pouch made sacred by ritual before anyone sees it, then handed over for a donation",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ofuda",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Ofuda",
   "as": "the tablet whose power the practice describes as held by virtue of its consecration",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "omikuji",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Omikuji",
   "as": "the third kind of counter — a draw rather than an issue, with the paper tied up on the grounds if the answer is bad",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ping-an-fu",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Ping'an fu",
   "as": "the case where the sequence is published: a name, a birth date, incense, divination blocks, and passes over the censer",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "milagro",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Milagro",
   "as": "the inward direction: the object exists to be left at the shrine, not carried away from it",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "ekeko",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Ekeko",
   "as": "where both directions land on one day — blessed at the fair, and blessed again at the cathedral at midday on 24 January",
   "rel": "carried-by"
  },
  {
   "to": "consecration",
   "type": "practice",
   "name": "Consecration",
   "as": "the same transfer done privately, by somebody who knows the recipient, on an object already theirs",
   "rel": "parallel"
  },
  {
   "to": "votive-wall",
   "type": "art",
   "name": "The votive wall",
   "as": "what the inward direction builds: a wall of other people's petitions, left where the next petitioner will read them",
   "rel": "art"
  },
  {
   "to": "fushimi-inari",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Fushimi Inari-taisha",
   "as": "the practice at the scale of 32,000 branch shrines",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "quiapo-church",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Quiapo Church",
   "as": "the inward direction at its largest — 6.5 million people in the Traslación of 9 January 2024, and thousands every Friday",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "catholic-sacramentals",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Catholic sacramentals",
   "as": "the tradition that wrote this step into canon law, and set out what it does and does not do",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "japanese-engimono",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Engimono",
   "as": "the tradition that turned the counter into a national distribution system with four changes of administrative owner",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "renewing-yearly",
   "type": "practice",
   "name": "Renewing yearly",
   "as": "what happens next: a charm issued at a counter comes back to it in a year",
   "rel": "practice"
  }
 ],
 "source_list": [
  {
   "id": "s:wp-omamori",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Omamori",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omamori",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-ofuda",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Ofuda",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofuda",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-o-mikuji",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "O-mikuji",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O-mikuji",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-ema-shinto",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Ema (Shinto)",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ema_(Shinto)",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-fushimi-inari-taisha",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Fushimi Inari-taisha",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fushimi_Inari-taisha",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:web-taiwanese-gods-fulu",
   "kind": "web",
   "title": "Talismans and Protective Charms (Fulu)",
   "publisher": "Taiwanese Gods",
   "url": "https://www.taiwanese-gods.org/en/culture/customs/fulu/",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-ex-voto",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Ex-voto",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex-voto",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-milagro-votive",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Milagro (votive)",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milagro_(votive)",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-votive-offering",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Votive offering",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votive_offering",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-sacramental",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Sacramental",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramental",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-quiapo-church",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Quiapo Church",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiapo_Church",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-alasitas",
   "kind": "encyclopedia",
   "title": "Alasitas",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alasitas",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:web-japantravel-kanda-myojin",
   "kind": "web",
   "title": "Tech Protection at Kanda Myojin Shrine",
   "author": "Tyra 'nell Pille-Lu",
   "publisher": "Japan Travel",
   "url": "https://en.japantravel.com/tokyo/tech-protection-at-kanda-myojin-shrine/25535",
   "published": "2015-12-16",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:web-soranews-sega-omamori",
   "kind": "news",
   "title": "Sega creates free digital omamori good luck charms to help you succeed at school and work",
   "author": "Casey Baseel",
   "publisher": "SoraNews24",
   "url": "https://soranews24.com/2022/02/04/sega-creates-free-digital-omamori-good-luck-charms-to-help-you-succeed-at-school-and-work/",
   "published": "2022-02-04",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16"
  }
 ],
 "tiers": {
  "text.what": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori"
  },
  "text.story": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
   "note": "the closing paragraph is marked inference where it appears"
  },
  "text.how": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori"
  },
  "text.today": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori"
  },
  "dating": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
   "note": "a distribution floor, stated as such in the note"
  },
  "object": {
   "tier": "inference",
   "note": "this practice has no single object; the fields are the commonest things crossing the counters cited"
  }
 },
 "primary_image": null,
 "tag_facts": [],
 "recognition_facts": [],
 "acclaim": 0,
 "against_facts": [
  {
   "key": "traffic",
   "label": "A road accident",
   "gloss": "the modern descendant of the travel charm",
   "who": "Japanese shrines, which issue kōtsū-anzen omamori consecrated before they reach the counter",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-omamori",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  },
  {
   "key": "bad-luck",
   "label": "Bad luck, unspecified",
   "who": "visitors who draw an omikuji and tie a bad one to a pine tree on the grounds, on the pun that the bad luck will wait by the tree rather than follow them",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-o-mikuji",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  },
  {
   "key": "illness",
   "label": "Illness",
   "gloss": "sickness in general, where no cause is named",
   "who": "petitioners who pin a milagro shaped like the afflicted part to a saint's image, and the pilgrims who left hundreds of crutches, canes and braces on the grilles of the Votive Chapel at Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-ex-voto",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  },
  {
   "key": "house",
   "label": "Harm to a house or a field",
   "who": "Japanese households, whose kanai-anzen charm and household-altar ofuda are both issued from a shrine",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-ofuda",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  },
  {
   "key": "drowning",
   "label": "Drowning and storm at sea",
   "who": "the model ships among the ex-votos at Notre-Dame de la Garde in Marseille, and the Lod mosaic, thought to be an ex-voto for rescue from a shipwreck",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-ex-voto",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  },
  {
   "key": "curse",
   "label": "A curse already laid",
   "who": "the Catholic Church's own classification, which lists exorcisms among the three kinds of sacramental alongside blessings and consecrations",
   "quote": "",
   "source": "s:wp-sacramental",
   "tier": "cited",
   "note": ""
  }
 ],
 "material_facts": [
  {
   "key": "paper",
   "label": "Paper",
   "kind": "written"
  },
  {
   "key": "wood",
   "label": "Wood",
   "kind": "plant"
  },
  {
   "key": "cloth",
   "label": "Cloth",
   "kind": "textile"
  },
  {
   "key": "silver",
   "label": "Silver",
   "kind": "metal"
  },
  {
   "key": "lead",
   "label": "Lead",
   "kind": "metal"
  },
  {
   "key": "ink",
   "label": "Ink",
   "kind": "written"
  }
 ],
 "worn_facts": [
  {
   "key": "neck",
   "label": "At the neck",
   "group": "body",
   "note": "the world's default position"
  },
  {
   "key": "pocket",
   "label": "In a pocket or a bag",
   "group": "carried"
  },
  {
   "key": "wall",
   "label": "On a wall",
   "group": "placed"
  },
  {
   "key": "door",
   "label": "At the door",
   "group": "placed"
  },
  {
   "key": "vehicle",
   "label": "In a vehicle",
   "group": "placed"
  },
  {
   "key": "shop",
   "label": "At the till",
   "group": "placed"
  }
 ],
 "form_fact": {
  "key": "packet",
  "label": "Sewn packet or pouch"
 },
 "holding_facts": [],
 "span": "1336 CE to now",
 "country_names": [
  {
   "iso": "JP",
   "name": "Japan"
  },
  {
   "iso": "TW",
   "name": "Taiwan"
  },
  {
   "iso": "TH",
   "name": "Thailand"
  },
  {
   "iso": "PH",
   "name": "Philippines"
  },
  {
   "iso": "MX",
   "name": "Mexico"
  },
  {
   "iso": "BO",
   "name": "Bolivia"
  },
  {
   "iso": "IT",
   "name": "Italy"
  },
  {
   "iso": "FR",
   "name": "France"
  },
  {
   "iso": "CA",
   "name": "Canada"
  },
  {
   "iso": "ES",
   "name": "Spain"
  }
 ],
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "ekeko",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Ekeko",
   "as": "what happens to the miniatures at midday on 24 January, at the cathedral in La Paz",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "milagro",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Milagro",
   "as": "the act the object exists for",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "omamori",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Omamori",
   "as": "the rite that makes the pouch more than brocade, performed before it reaches the counter",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "omikuji",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Omikuji",
   "as": "the visit this is part of — offering, draw, read, tie",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "ping-an-fu",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Ping'an fu",
   "as": "the step that issues it: incense, a name, a birth date, divination blocks, three clockwise circles over the censer",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "st-christopher-medal",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "St Christopher medal",
   "as": "the act that turns this medal from jewellery into what the Church calls a sacramental — optional, and often skipped",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "tama-votive",
   "type": "amulet",
   "name": "Tama",
   "as": "the act the object exists for, done by the petitioner and not by a priest",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "catholic-sacramentals",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Catholic sacramentals",
   "as": "where most of these objects are acquired and what is done to them there",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "japanese-engimono",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Engimono",
   "as": "the step that separates an issued charm from a souvenir, and the one priests invoke when they complain about factory stock",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "latin-american-folk-catholic",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Latin American folk Catholic charm practice",
   "as": "the act most of these objects exist for, and the one the markets are laid out around",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "footprint",
   "type": "motif",
   "name": "The footprint",
   "as": "the practice the large footprints belong to — you travel to them rather than wear them",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "consecration",
   "type": "practice",
   "name": "Consecration",
   "as": "the same transfer done over the counter, to a stranger, for a donation",
   "rel": "parallel"
  },
  {
   "from": "fushimi-inari",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Fushimi Inari-taisha",
   "as": "the practice, at the scale of 32,000 branch shrines",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "quiapo-church",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Quiapo Church",
   "as": "the practice that draws millions here on 9 January and thousands every Friday",
   "rel": "practice"
  },
  {
   "from": "votive-wall",
   "type": "art",
   "name": "The votive wall",
   "as": "the practice that fills it — you leave the plaque where the power is, not where you live",
   "rel": "practice"
  }
 ]
}