{ "note": "Every source a record may cite, by id. kinds: book, wikipedia, web, oral-history, dataset, org, article, film, court. Add Wikipedia articles as s:wp- with the exact article title and URL. Cite only ids that exist here; validate.py refuses the rest.", "sources": [ { "id": "s:this-project", "kind": "web", "title": "Wing Country — this project's own reasoning", "publisher": "Wing Country", "url": "" }, { "id": "s:trillin-1980", "kind": "article", "title": "An Attempt to Compile a Short History of the Buffalo Chicken Wing", "author": "Calvin Trillin", "publisher": "The New Yorker", "year": 1980, "note": "25 August 1980; the piece that carried the Anchor Bar story out of Buffalo" }, { "id": "s:nccouncil-wing-report", "kind": "org", "title": "Chicken Wing Report", "author": "National Chicken Council", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/" }, { "id": "s:usda-fdc", "kind": "dataset", "title": "FoodData Central", "publisher": "US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/", "note": "branded-food label panels; public domain" }, { "id": "s:osm", "kind": "dataset", "title": "OpenStreetMap", "publisher": "OpenStreetMap contributors", "url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/", "note": "ODbL 1.0, share-alike" }, { "id": "s:naturalearth", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Natural Earth, Admin 1 – States, Provinces, 1:50m", "publisher": "Natural Earth", "url": "https://www.naturalearthdata.com/", "note": "public domain" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-cookbook", "kind": "web", "title": "Wikibooks Cookbook", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, { "id": "s:wp-american-chinese-cuisine", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "American Chinese cuisine", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-anchor-bar", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Anchor Bar", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_Bar", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-beef-on-weck", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Beef on weck", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beef_on_weck", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-blue-cheese-dressing", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Blue cheese dressing", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_cheese_dressing", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-bonchon-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Bonchon Chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonchon_Chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-buffalo-new-york", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Buffalo, New York", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-buffalo-wild-wings", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Buffalo Wild Wings", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Wild_Wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-buffalo-wing", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Buffalo wing", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_wing", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-calvin-trillin", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Calvin Trillin", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Trillin", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-carolina-reaper", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Carolina Reaper", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-cayenne-pepper", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Cayenne pepper", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayenne_pepper", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-celery", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Celery", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celery", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-and-waffles", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken and waffles", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_and_waffles", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-as-food", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken as food", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_as_food", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-feet", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken feet", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_feet", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-nugget", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken nugget", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_nugget", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-riggies", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken riggies", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_riggies", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-tenders", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken tenders", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_tenders", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-chicken-wing", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Chicken wing", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_wing", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-convection-oven", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Convection oven", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_oven", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-crystal-hot-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Crystal Hot Sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_Hot_Sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-deep-frying", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Deep frying", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_frying", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-duff-s-famous-wings", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Duff's Famous Wings", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duff%27s_Famous_Wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-frank-s-redhot", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Frank's RedHot", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%27s_RedHot", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-fried-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Fried chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fried_chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-garbage-plate", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Garbage Plate", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_Plate", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-gochujang", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Gochujang", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gochujang", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-harold-s-chicken-shack", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Harold's Chicken Shack", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%27s_Chicken_Shack", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-hattie-b-s-hot-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Hattie B's Hot Chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hattie_B%27s_Hot_Chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-hooters", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Hooters", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hooters", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-hot-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Hot chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-hot-honey", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Hot honey", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_honey", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-hot-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Hot sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-jerk-cooking", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Jerk (cooking)", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerk_(cooking)", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-joey-chestnut", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Joey Chestnut", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_Chestnut", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-joseph-todaro-jr", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Joseph Todaro Jr.", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Todaro_Jr.", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-korean-fried-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Korean fried chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_fried_chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-lemon-pepper-wings", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Lemon pepper wings", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemon_pepper_wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-lemon-pepper", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Lemon pepper", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemon_pepper", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-mild-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Mild sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mild_sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-mozzarella-sticks", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Mozzarella sticks", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozzarella_sticks", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-mumbo-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Mumbo sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbo_sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-national-buffalo-wing-festival", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "National Buffalo Wing Festival", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Buffalo_Wing_Festival", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-national-chicken-council", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "National Chicken Council", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Chicken_Council", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-old-bay-seasoning", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Old Bay Seasoning", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Bay_Seasoning", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-pizza-hut", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Pizza Hut", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizza_Hut", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-popeyes", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Popeyes", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popeyes", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-poultry", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Poultry", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultry", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-prince-s-hot-chicken-shack", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Prince's Hot Chicken Shack", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince%27s_Hot_Chicken_Shack", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-ranch-dressing", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Ranch dressing", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranch_dressing", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-rochester-new-york", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Rochester, New York", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochester,_New_York", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-scoville-scale", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Scoville scale", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoville_scale", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-soul-food", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Soul food", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soul_food", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-sriracha", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Sriracha", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sriracha", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-super-bowl", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Super Bowl", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Bowl", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-sweet-chili-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Sweet chili sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_chili_sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-tabasco-sauce", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Tabasco sauce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabasco_sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-teriyaki", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Teriyaki", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teriyaki", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-texas-pete", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Texas Pete", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Pete", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-wing-bowl", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Wing Bowl", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_Bowl", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-wingstop", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Wingstop", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wingstop", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-zaxby-s", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Zaxby's", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaxby%27s", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-ap-boneless-wings-ohio", "kind": "web", "title": "It's OK for 'boneless' chicken wings to have bones, Ohio Supreme Court rules", "publisher": "The Associated Press, published by NBC News", "url": "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ok-boneless-chicken-wings-bones-ohio-supreme-court-rules-rcna163758", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-cbs-boneless-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Diners who order boneless chicken wings can't expect them to really be boneless, court rules", "publisher": "CBS News (Aimee Picchi)", "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/boneless-chicken-wings-can-have-bones-lawsuit-ohio-supreme-court/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-thompson-coburn-berkheimer", "kind": "web", "title": "Berkheimer v. REKM Decision Says that Customers Should Reasonably Expect Bones in Boneless Wings", "publisher": "Thompson Coburn LLP (Rachael C. Moore)", "url": "https://www.thompsoncoburn.com/insights/berkheimer-v-rekm-decision-says-that-customers-should-reasonably-expect-bones-in-boneless-wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wweek-jojo", "kind": "web", "title": "The History of the American Jojo, Which is Definitely Not a Potato Wedge", "publisher": "Willamette Week (Matthew Korfhage)", "url": "https://www.wweek.com/restaurants/reviews/2017/07/12/the-history-of-the-american-jojo-which-is-definitely-not-a-potato-wedge/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-popik-pizza-logs", "kind": "web", "title": "Buffalo: Pizza Logs", "publisher": "The Big Apple (Barry Popik)", "url": "https://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/buffalo_pizza_logs", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-french-fries", "kind": "web", "title": "French fries", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_fries", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-danmuji", "kind": "web", "title": "Danmuji", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danmuji", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-brining", "kind": "web", "title": "Brining", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brining", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-smoking-cooking", "kind": "web", "title": "Smoking (cooking)", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking_(cooking)", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-recipetin-crispy-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Truly Crispy Oven Baked Chicken Wings", "publisher": "RecipeTin Eats (Nagi Maehashi)", "url": "https://www.recipetineats.com/crispy-oven-baked-chicken-wings-honey-garlic-sauce/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-cookful-crispy-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "How To Bake Chicken Wings That Are SOOO Crispy", "publisher": "TheCookful (Christine Pittman)", "url": "https://thecookful.com/bake-chicken-wings-crispy/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-wing-report-lx", "kind": "org", "title": "Americans to Eat 1.48 Billion Chicken Wings for Super Bowl LX", "author": "National Chicken Council", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/americans-to-eat-1-48-billion-chicken-wings-for-super-bowl-lx/", "year": 2026, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the 2026 Wing Report release, dated 28 January 2026; cites Circana POS and CREST data, a Wells Fargo food report and USDA cold storage, and states no method for the 1.48 billion figure itself" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-wing-report-lix", "kind": "org", "title": "Americans to Eat 1.47 Billion Chicken Wings for Super Bowl LIX", "author": "National Chicken Council", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/americans-to-eat-1-47-billion-chicken-wings-for-super-bowl-lix/", "year": 2025, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "dated 30 January 2025; the prior year's figure" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-wings-hot-topic", "kind": "org", "title": "Chicken Wings – A Hot Topic!", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/chicken-wings-a-hot-topic/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "undated feature built on the 2012 Wing Report; the page that says the count is of wing PORTIONS, splits them half foodservice half retail, and explains the flapper export" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-about", "kind": "org", "title": "About NCC", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-ncc/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visit-buffalo-wing-trail", "kind": "web", "title": "Buffalo Wing Trail", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo Niagara", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/buffalo-wing-trail/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the trail's own page; fourteen stops listed on the day it was read" }, { "id": "s:web-spectrum-wing-trail-2018", "kind": "article", "title": "Let's hit the Wing Trail", "author": "Spectrum News Staff", "publisher": "Spectrum News Buffalo", "url": "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/buffalo/news/2018/04/12/wing-trail-", "year": 2018, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "12 April 2018; names the twelve stops the trail launched with" }, { "id": "s:web-national-chicken-wing-day", "kind": "web", "title": "National Chicken Wing Day", "publisher": "NationalChickenWingDay.com", "url": "https://www.nationalchickenwingday.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "quotes a fragment of the 1977 Buffalo proclamation and names Mayor Stan Makowski; no institutional publisher given" }, { "id": "s:web-wyrk-chicken-wing-day", "kind": "article", "title": "How National Chicken Wing Day Was Born", "author": "WYRK Team", "publisher": "106.5 WYRK", "url": "https://wyrk.com/how-national-chicken-wing-day-was-born/", "year": 2020, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "29 July 2020; names Mayor Stan Makowski and quotes the same proclamation fragment" }, { "id": "s:web-uspoultry-about", "kind": "org", "title": "Association Overview", "publisher": "U.S. Poultry & Egg Association", "url": "https://www.uspoultry.org/about/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-uspoultry-history", "kind": "org", "title": "A History of Service to the Poultry and Egg Industry", "publisher": "U.S. Poultry & Egg Association", "url": "https://www.uspoultry.org/history/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-about", "kind": "org", "title": "About Us", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/about-us/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-history-founders", "kind": "org", "title": "History & Founders", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/about-us/history-founders/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-oral-history", "kind": "oral-history", "title": "Oral History", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/oral-history/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-princes-interview", "kind": "oral-history", "title": "Prince's Hot Chicken Shack", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/princes-hot-chicken-shack/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-big-bob-gibson-interview", "kind": "oral-history", "title": "Big Bob Gibson's Bar-B-Q", "author": "Amy C. Evans", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/big-bob-gibsons-bar-b-q/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wingstop-q2-2026", "kind": "web", "title": "Wingstop Inc. Reports Fiscal Second Quarter Financial Results (Exhibit 99.1)", "author": "Wingstop Inc.", "publisher": "U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, EDGAR", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1636222/000162828026050401/a991wingearningsreleasefin.htm", "year": 2026, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "29 July 2026; restaurant count as of 27 June 2026" }, { "id": "s:web-wingstop-site", "kind": "web", "title": "Wingstop", "publisher": "Wingstop Inc.", "url": "https://www.wingstop.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the company's own description of its cook: cooked-to-order, hand sauced-and-tossed, twelve flavours" }, { "id": "s:web-edgar-wingstop", "kind": "web", "title": "Wingstop Inc., CIK 0001636222 — company filings", "publisher": "U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, EDGAR", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001636222&type=10-K", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "business address of record: 2801 N Central Expressway, Suite 1600, Dallas, TX 75204" }, { "id": "s:web-bww-sauces", "kind": "web", "title": "Buffalo Wild Wings Sauces, Dry Rubs and Flavors", "publisher": "Buffalo Wild Wings", "url": "https://www.buffalowildwings.com/sauces-flavors/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the page's own description line: 26 signature sauces and dry rubs" }, { "id": "s:web-inspire-contact", "kind": "web", "title": "Contact — Global Support Center", "publisher": "Inspire Brands", "url": "https://www.inspirebrands.com/contact/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "Three Glenlake Parkway NE, Atlanta, GA 30328" }, { "id": "s:web-hooters-menu-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Wings", "publisher": "Hooters of America, LLC", "url": "https://www.hooters.com/menu/wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the four wing styles the chain sells in its own words" }, { "id": "s:web-tbbw-hooters-2025", "kind": "article", "title": "Hooters' Clearwater-based founders regain full ownership of brand", "author": "Chuck Merlis", "publisher": "Tampa Bay Business and Wealth", "url": "https://tbbwmag.com/2025/11/03/hooters-clearwater-founders-regain-full-ownership/", "year": 2025, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "3 November 2025; the 14 October 2025 acquisition, the restaurant counts, and the relaunch plan" }, { "id": "s:web-eeoc-hooters-2024", "kind": "court", "title": "Hooters of America, LLC to Pay $250,000 to Settle EEOC Race and Color Lawsuit", "publisher": "U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission", "url": "https://www.eeoc.gov/newsroom/hooters-america-llc-pay-250000-settle-eeoc-race-and-color-lawsuit", "year": 2024, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "22 October 2024; EEOC v. Hooters of America, LLC, No. 1:23-cv-00722 (M.D.N.C.)" }, { "id": "s:web-bonchon-our-story", "kind": "web", "title": "Our Story", "publisher": "Bonchon", "url": "https://bonchon.com/our-story", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-bonchon-site", "kind": "web", "title": "Korean Fried Chicken & Korean Food Restaurant | Bonchon", "publisher": "Bonchon", "url": "https://bonchon.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "hand battered, double-fried, hand brushed, in the company's own words" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalowing-festival", "kind": "web", "title": "National Buffalo Wing Festival", "publisher": "National Buffalo Wing Festival", "url": "https://buffalowing.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "2027 dates, admission and wing prices as posted on the day it was read" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalowing-hall-of-flame", "kind": "web", "title": "Hall of Flame", "publisher": "National Buffalo Wing Festival", "url": "https://buffalowing.com/hall-of-flame/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "inductees by year, 2006 to 2026" }, { "id": "s:web-inquirer-wing-bowl-doc", "kind": "article", "title": "A new Wing Bowl documentary chose to celebrate the event instead of focusing on the 'ugly'", "author": "Matt Breen", "publisher": "The Philadelphia Inquirer", "url": "https://www.inquirer.com/sports/wing-bowl-documentary-movie-no-one-died-cataldi-wip-20260822.html", "year": 2026, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "22 August 2026" }, { "id": "s:web-phillymag-wing-bowl-2015", "kind": "article", "title": "Wing Bowl: Is It Time to End It?", "author": "Richard Rys", "publisher": "Philadelphia Magazine", "url": "https://www.phillymag.com/news/2015/01/18/wing-bowl-time-to-end-it/", "year": 2015, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "18 January 2015; the criticism, in the critic's own words" }, { "id": "s:web-eatfeats-wing-bowl-lv-2026", "kind": "web", "title": "Molly Schuyler wins 2026 Las Vegas Wing Bowl", "author": "OJ Rifkin", "publisher": "EatFeats", "url": "https://eatfeats.com/2026-las-vegas-wing-bowl.html", "year": 2026, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "7 February 2026; round-by-round results of the Las Vegas revival" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-adrian-miller", "kind": "web", "title": "Adrian Miller", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Miller", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-adrian-miller-about", "kind": "web", "title": "Meet Adrian", "publisher": "adrianemiller.com", "url": "https://adrianemiller.com/about/meet-adrian/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-angelo-cataldi", "kind": "web", "title": "Angelo Cataldi", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Cataldi", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-al-morganti", "kind": "web", "title": "Al Morganti", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Morganti", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-el-wingador", "kind": "web", "title": "Bill \"El Wingador\" Simmons", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_%22El_Wingador%22_Simmons", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-james-disbrow", "kind": "web", "title": "James Disbrow", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Disbrow", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-harold-pierce", "kind": "web", "title": "Harold Pierce", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Pierce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-eoa-big-bob-gibson", "kind": "web", "title": "Big Bob Gibson BBQ", "publisher": "Encyclopedia of Alabama", "url": "https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/big-bob-gibson-bbq/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-big-bob-gibson", "kind": "web", "title": "Big Bob Gibson's Bar-B-Q — oral history with Don McLemore, interviewed by Amy C. Evans, 15 November 2006", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/big-bob-gibsons-bar-b-q/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-princes-hot-chicken", "kind": "web", "title": "Prince's Hot Chicken Shack — oral history with André Prince Jeffries, interviewed by Joe York, 7 July 2006", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/princes-hot-chicken-shack/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-bitter-southerner-hot-chicken", "kind": "web", "title": "How Hot Chicken Really Happened", "publisher": "The Bitter Southerner (Rachel L. Martin)", "url": "https://bittersoutherner.com/how-hot-chicken-really-happened", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-princes-hot-chicken-about", "kind": "web", "title": "Our History", "publisher": "Prince's Hot Chicken", "url": "https://www.princeshotchicken.com/about", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-foxnews-thornton-prince", "kind": "web", "title": "Meet the American who gave us Nashville hot chicken, Thornton Prince, man of many passions (Kerry J. Byrne, 20 October 2023)", "publisher": "Fox News", "url": "https://www.foxnews.com/lifestyle/meet-american-gave-nashville-hot-chicken-thornton-prince-man-many-passions", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-hall-of-flame", "kind": "web", "title": "Hall of Flame", "publisher": "National Buffalo Chicken Wing Festival", "url": "https://buffalowing.com/festival-history/hall-of-flame/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalowing-wing-king", "kind": "web", "title": "Meet the Wing King", "publisher": "National Buffalo Chicken Wing Festival", "url": "https://buffalowing.com/meet-the-wing-king/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-cerza-qa", "kind": "web", "title": "Q&A with Drew Cerza: Wing King & Buffalo Wing Festival Founder", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo Niagara", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/crawls/qa-wing-king/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-john-young", "kind": "web", "title": "Honoring a Wing Pioneer", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo Niagara", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/honoring-a-wing-pioneer/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalo-criterion-john-young", "kind": "web", "title": "John Young: The Real Chicken Wing King", "publisher": "The Buffalo Criterion", "url": "https://www.thebuffalocriterion.com/blog-3-2/john-young-the-real-chicken-wing-king", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalo-bike-tours-mumbo-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "John Young's Mumbo Wings — Buffalo's Original Chicken Wing!", "publisher": "Buffalo Bike Tours", "url": "https://buffalobiketours.com/mumbo-wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-history-who-invented-buffalo-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Who Invented Buffalo Wings? (Becky Little, 10 February 2023, updated 27 May 2025)", "publisher": "History.com", "url": "https://www.history.com/articles/who-invented-buffalo-wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalonews-john-young-obit", "kind": "web", "title": "John Mack Young, dies at 64; claimed to originate Buffalo chicken wings", "publisher": "The Buffalo News", "url": "https://buffalonews.com/news/john-mack-young-dies-at-64-claimed-to-originate-buffalo-chicken-wings/article_ec05187a-83eb-5cca-8902-ab75ae9cffdc.html", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "Paywalled on 16 September 2026: the headline was readable, the body was not. Cited here for the headline only." }, { "id": "s:web-boundary-stones-mumbo", "kind": "web", "title": "Mumbo Sauce: Is It Really 'Quintessential' D.C.? (Aliyah Thompson, 7 July 2023)", "publisher": "Boundary Stones, WETA", "url": "https://boundarystones.weta.org/2023/07/07/mumbo-sauce-it-really-quintessential-dc", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-salon-mambo-sauce", "kind": "web", "title": "The story of mambo (or mumbo) sauce, the condiment that likely fueled the civil rights movement (Ashlie D. Stevens, 17 January 2021)", "publisher": "Salon", "url": "https://www.salon.com/2021/01/17/the-story-of-mambo-or-mumbo-sauce-the-condiment-that-likely-fueled-the-civil-rights-movement/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-mandour-ttab-mumbo", "kind": "web", "title": "TTAB Rules that Washington D.C. 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label modified 2017" }, { "id": "s:fdc-adams-reserve-memphis-rub", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Adams Reserve Memphis Barbecue Rub — branded food label (FDC ID 1912757)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1912757/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-saws-alabama-white-sauce", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Saw's Alabama White Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 1955770)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1955770/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-spur-tree-jerk-seasoning", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Spur Tree Jamaican Jerk Seasoning — branded food label (FDC ID 2617055)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2617055/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-roland-gochujang-korean-bbq", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Roland Spicy Gochujang Korean BBQ Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 1958977)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1958977/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-we-love-you-soy-garlic", "kind": "dataset", "title": "We Love You Soy Garlic Korean Chicken Wing Sauce & Glaze — branded food label (FDC ID 2511275)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2511275/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-sweet-baby-rays-honey-bbq", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Sweet Baby Ray's Honey Barbecue Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 2017251)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2017251/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-kinders-garlic-parmesan", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Kinder's Garlic Parmesan Wing Sauce & Dip — branded food label (FDC ID 2652872)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2652872/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-kens-chunky-blue-cheese", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Ken's Steak House Chunky Blue Cheese Dressing — branded food label (FDC ID 2673535)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2673535/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-hidden-valley-ranch", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Hidden Valley Original Ranch Topping & Dip — branded food label (FDC ID 2085943)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2085943/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-mikes-hot-honey", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Mike's Hot Honey, Honey Infused with Chilies — branded food label (FDC ID 2511479)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2511479/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-ka-me-sweet-chili", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Ka-Me Sweet Chili Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 2523929)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2523929/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-kikkoman-teriyaki", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Kikkoman Teriyaki Marinade & Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 2085929)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2085929/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:fdc-sweet-baby-rays-mango-habanero", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Sweet Baby Ray's Mango Habanero Wing Sauce — branded food label (FDC ID 2629740)", "publisher": "USDA FoodData Central", "url": "https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/2629740/nutrients", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-franks-redhot-original-page", "kind": "web", "title": "Frank's RedHot Original Cayenne Pepper Sauce", "publisher": "McCormick & Company", "url": "https://www.franksredhot.com/en-us/products/franks-redhot-original-cayenne-pepper-sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "maker's own ingredient statement; the nutrition panel on this page is an image only" }, { "id": "s:wp-barbecue-in-alabama", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Barbecue in Alabama", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbecue_in_Alabama", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-memphis-style-barbecue", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Memphis-style barbecue", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memphis-style_barbecue", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wp-yangnyeom-chicken", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Yangnyeom chicken", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yangnyeom_chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-buffalo-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Cookbook:Buffalo Wings", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Buffalo_Wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-blue-cheese-dressing", "kind": "web", "title": "Cookbook:Blue Cheese Dressing", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Blue_Cheese_Dressing", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-buttermilk-ranch-dressing", "kind": "web", "title": "Cookbook:Buttermilk Ranch Dressing", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Buttermilk_Ranch_Dressing", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0; Cookbook:Ranch Dressing redirects here" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-teriyaki-sauce", "kind": "web", "title": "Cookbook:Teriyaki Sauce", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Teriyaki_Sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0" }, { "id": "s:farmer-1910", "kind": "book", "title": "The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book", "author": "Fannie Merritt Farmer", "publisher": "Little, Brown, and Company, Boston", "year": 1910, "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/65061", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "revised edition, title page 1910; copyright 1896-1906. Public domain, read via Project Gutenberg ebook 65061" }, { "id": "s:harland-1906", "kind": "book", "title": "Marion Harland's Complete Cook Book: A Practical and Exhaustive Manual of Cookery and Housekeeping", "author": "Marion Harland", "publisher": "The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis", "year": 1906, "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/64459", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "new edition, revised and enlarged; copyright 1903 and 1906. Public domain, read via Project Gutenberg ebook 64459" }, { "id": "s:douglas-1903", "kind": "book", "title": "The Soup and Sauce Book", "author": "Elizabeth Douglas", "publisher": "Grant Richards, London", "year": 1903, "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/68446", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "Public domain, read via Project Gutenberg ebook 68446" }, { "id": "s:wp-barbecue-in-the-united-states", "kind": "web", "title": "Barbecue in the United States", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbecue_in_the_United_States", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-superbowl-lx", "kind": "web", "title": "Americans to Eat 1.48 Billion Chicken Wings for Super Bowl LX", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/americans-to-eat-1-48-billion-chicken-wings-for-super-bowl-lx/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-atk-chicago-mild-sauce", "kind": "web", "title": "What Is Chicago Mild Sauce?", "publisher": "America's Test Kitchen", "url": "https://www.americastestkitchen.com/articles/3911-what-is-chicago-mild-sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-memphis-flyer-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "Wingin' It!: 8 Memphis Wing Experiences You Need to Have", "publisher": "Memphis Flyer", "url": "https://www.memphisflyer.com/wingin-it-8-memphis-wing-experiences-you-need-to-have/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-black-owned-brooklyn-peppas", "kind": "web", "title": "Peppa's Jerk Chicken", "publisher": "Black-Owned Brooklyn", "url": "https://www.blackownedbrooklyn.com/stories/peppas-jerk-chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-countrysweet", "kind": "web", "title": "Country Sweet Chicken & Ribs", "publisher": "Country Sweet Chicken & Ribs", "url": "https://countrysweet.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-roccitymag-jeremiahs", "kind": "web", "title": "Best Wings: Jeremiah's Tavern", "publisher": "CITY Magazine (Rochester)", "url": "https://www.roccitymag.com/special-sections/best-wings-jeremiahs-tavern-15530762/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-jeremiahs-menu", "kind": "web", "title": "Menu", "publisher": "Jeremiah's Tavern", "url": "https://jeremiahstavern.com/menu/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-aytm-wing-survey", "kind": "web", "title": "Chicken Wings Survey: Barbecue Named Most Popular Flavor", "publisher": "Ask Your Target Market (AYTM)", "url": "https://aytm.com/post/chicken-wings-survey", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-usda-ams-wing", "kind": "org", "title": "Chicken Wings (poultry grading photographs)", "publisher": "US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service", "url": "https://www.ams.usda.gov/book/wing", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "AMS grading captions name the cuts 'Grade A First Segment Wing Portion (Wing Drumette)' and 'Grade A Second Segment Wing Portion (Wing Flat)'. The page and the AMS Poultry Grading Manual PDF both refused this project's fetch on 2026-09-16 (403/503); the caption wording was read from the search index, not from the page itself. Records citing it carry needs_verification." }, { "id": "s:web-berkheimer-opinion", "kind": "court", "title": "Berkheimer v. REKM, L.L.C., 2024-Ohio-2787", "publisher": "Supreme Court of Ohio, via CourtListener", "url": "https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/10680649/berkheimer-v-rekm-llc/", "year": 2024, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "decided 25 July 2024. The opinion body did not render to this project's fetch; the citation and date come from CourtListener's record, the quoted language from the press and law-firm reports also cited here." }, { "id": "s:web-berkheimer-nbc", "kind": "web", "title": "It's OK for 'boneless' chicken wings to have bones, Ohio Supreme Court rules", "author": "Associated Press", "publisher": "NBC News", "url": "https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ok-boneless-chicken-wings-bones-ohio-supreme-court-rules-rcna163758", "year": 2024, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "25 July 2024" }, { "id": "s:web-berkheimer-hklaw", "kind": "web", "title": "Court Decision Concerning \"Boneless Chicken Wings\" Ignites Political Firestorm in Ohio", "publisher": "Holland & Knight LLP", "url": "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2024/08/court-decision-concerning-boneless-chicken-wings-ignites", "year": 2024, "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wyngz-consumer-reports", "kind": "web", "title": "Stephen Colbert's right wyngz rhetoric", "publisher": "Consumer Reports", "url": "https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2011/02/stephen-colbert-s-right-wyngz-rhetoric/index.htm", "year": 2011, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "3 February 2011; reports the FSIS conditions on the spelling, including that the poultry is white chicken, that the product contains no wing meat, and that \"no other misspellings are permitted\"" }, { "id": "s:web-wyngz-wiktionary", "kind": "web", "title": "wyngz", "publisher": "Wiktionary", "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wyngz", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wiktionary-weck", "kind": "web", "title": "Weck", "publisher": "Wiktionary", "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Weck", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wiktionary-kummel", "kind": "web", "title": "Kümmel", "publisher": "Wiktionary", "url": "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/K%C3%BCmmel", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalo-history-name", "kind": "org", "title": "How Did Buffalo Get Its Name?", "publisher": "The Buffalo History Museum", "url": "https://buffalohistory.org/how-did-buffalo-get-its-name/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-mikes-hot-honey", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Mike's Hot Honey", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%27s_Hot_Honey", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-hooters-wings-menu", "kind": "web", "title": "Wings", "publisher": "Hooters", "url": "https://www.hooters.com/menu/wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wingstop-atomic", "kind": "web", "title": "Atomic | Wingstop Flavors", "publisher": "Wingstop", "url": "https://locations.wingstop.com/wingstop-77-waco-tx-76710/flavors/atomic", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-chowhound-spice-challenges", "kind": "web", "title": "The 9 Most Intense Restaurant Spice Challenges In The US", "author": "Hayley Verdeyen", "publisher": "Chowhound", "url": "https://www.chowhound.com/1946075/restaurant-spice-challenges-us/", "year": 2025, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "24 August 2025" }, { "id": "s:web-atomic-wings-30th", "kind": "web", "title": "Nationwide Chain Atomic Wings Celebrates 30th Anniversary", "publisher": "Atomic Wings", "url": "https://www.atomicwings.com/news/nationwide-chain-atomic-wings-celebrates-30th-anniversary", "year": 2019, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "25 June 2019; the company's own account of its 1989 founding by Adam Lippin in New York City" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalo-wing-guide-specials", "kind": "web", "title": "Buffalo/WNY Daily Chicken Wing Specials & Deals", "publisher": "Buffalo Wing Guide, LLC", "url": "https://www.buffalowingguide.com/wny-weekly-chicken-wing-specials", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "listings filterable by Monday through Sunday and Every Day" }, { "id": "s:web-gourmet-marketing-wing-night", "kind": "web", "title": "What is Your Bar's Wing Night? Using Food for Bar Marketing", "publisher": "Gourmet Marketing", "url": "https://www.gourmetmarketing.net/blog/what-is-your-bars-wing-night-using-food-for-bar-marketing", "year": 2024, "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "last updated 11 April 2024" }, { "id": "s:web-openfoodfacts-party-wings", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Chicken Party Wings Flats & Drummettes — Sanderson Farms", "publisher": "Open Food Facts", "url": "https://us.openfoodfacts.org/product/0268408511140/chicken-party-wings-flats-drummettes-sanderson-farms", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the package name as printed" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalo-wing-trail", "kind": "web", "title": "Where to Find the Best Wings in Buffalo, NY — Buffalo Wing Trail", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/crawl/buffalo-wing-trail/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-duffs", "kind": "web", "title": "Classic Buffalo Spotlight: Duff's Famous Wings", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/classic-buffalo-spotlight-duffs-famous-wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-duffs-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About Us", "publisher": "Duff's Famous Wings", "url": "https://www.duffsfamouswings.ca/about-us/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-barbill-crawl", "kind": "web", "title": "Bar-Bill Tavern — Buffalo Wing Trail", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/crawls/bar-bill-tavern/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-barbill-spotlight", "kind": "web", "title": "Classic Buffalo Spotlight: Bar-Bill Tavern", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/classic-buffalo-spotlight-bar-bill-tavern/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-eanycc-barbill", "kind": "web", "title": "Bar-Bill Tavern — member directory", "publisher": "East Aurora Chamber of Commerce", "url": "https://business.eanycc.com/activememberdirectory/Details/bar-bill-tavern-3443334", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-gabriels-gate", "kind": "web", "title": "Gabriel's Gate — Buffalo's Famous Wings & Tavern", "publisher": "Gabriel's Gate", "url": "https://gabrielsgate.org/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-stepout-bonappetit-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "The Best 3 Spots to Get Wings in WNY According to Bon Appétit", "publisher": "Step Out Buffalo", "url": "https://stepoutbuffalo.com/best-3-spots-get-wings-wny-according-bon-appetit/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-nine-eleven-tavern", "kind": "web", "title": "Nine-Eleven Tavern — One of Buffalo's Top Rated Chicken Wing Restaurants", "publisher": "The Nine-Eleven Tavern", "url": "https://www.nineeleventavern.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalorising-nine-eleven", "kind": "web", "title": "The Nine-Eleven Tavern", "publisher": "Buffalo Rising", "url": "https://www.buffalorising.com/2016/09/the-nine-eleven-tavern/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-nine-eleven", "kind": "web", "title": "Nine-Eleven Tavern", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/businesses/nine-eleven-tavern/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-stepout-nine-eleven", "kind": "web", "title": "Nine-Eleven Tavern", "publisher": "Step Out Buffalo", "url": "https://stepoutbuffalo.com/business/restaurant-nine-eleven-tavern/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-lanova-pizzeria", "kind": "web", "title": "Pizzeria", "publisher": "La Nova", "url": "https://www.lanova.com/pizzeria", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-lanova-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "La Nova Wings", "publisher": "La Nova Wings, Inc.", "url": "https://www.lanova.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-infatuation-elmos", "kind": "web", "title": "Elmo's Restaurant & Bar", "publisher": "The Infatuation", "url": "https://www.theinfatuation.com/buffalo/reviews/elmos-restaurant-and-bar", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-elmos", "kind": "web", "title": "Elmo's Bar & Restaurant", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/businesses/elmos-bar-restaurant/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-restaurantji-elmos", "kind": "web", "title": "Elmo's Restaurant & Bar, Getzville NY", "publisher": "Restaurantji", "url": "https://www.restaurantji.com/ny/getzville/elmos-bar-and-resaurant-/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-visitbuffalo-mammosers", "kind": "web", "title": "Mammoser's Tavern & Restaurant", "publisher": "Visit Buffalo", "url": "https://visitbuffalo.com/businesses/mammosers/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-stepout-mammosers", "kind": "web", "title": "Mammosers Tavern/Restaurant", "publisher": "Step Out Buffalo", "url": "https://stepoutbuffalo.com/business/restaurant-mammosers-tavern-restaurant/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wingnutz-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About Us", "publisher": "Wingnutz Bar & Grill", "url": "https://www.wingnutzbuffalo.com/about", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wingnutz-press", "kind": "web", "title": "Press", "publisher": "Wingnutz Bar & Grill", "url": "https://www.wingnutzbuffalo.com/press", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-stepout-wingnutz", "kind": "web", "title": "New: Wingnutz Opens Full Sports Bar After Viral Fame For Their Massive, Saucy, Crispy Wings", "publisher": "Step Out Buffalo", "url": "https://stepoutbuffalo.com/new-wingnutz-opens-full-sports-bar-after-viral-fame-for-their-massive-saucy-crispy-wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalorising-wingnutz", "kind": "web", "title": "Yelp.com's #1 Wings | Buffalo's own Wingnutz, honored as Top Wings in NY!", "publisher": "Buffalo Rising", "url": "https://www.buffalorising.com/2019/08/yelp-coms-1-wings-buffalos-own-wingnutz-honored-as-top-wings-in-ny/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-jeremiahs-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About", "publisher": "Jeremiah's Tavern", "url": "https://jeremiahstavern.com/about/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-jeremiahs-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Locations", "publisher": "Jeremiah's Tavern", "url": "https://jeremiahstavern.com/locations/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-countrysweet-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Locations", "publisher": "Country Sweet Chicken & Ribs", "url": "https://countrysweet.com/locations/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-atomic-wings-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About Us", "publisher": "Atomic Wings", "url": "https://www.atomicwings.com/about", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-atomic-wings-rb", "kind": "web", "title": "5 Things to Know About: Atomic Wings", "publisher": "Restaurant Business Online, republished by Atomic Wings", "url": "https://www.atomicwings.com/news/5-things-to-know-about-atomic-wings", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-nyctourism-blondies", "kind": "web", "title": "Blondies Sports", "publisher": "NYC Tourism + Conventions", "url": "https://www.nyctourism.com/nightlife/blondies-sports/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-timeout-blondies", "kind": "web", "title": "Blondies Sports Bar", "publisher": "Time Out New York", "url": "https://www.timeout.com/newyork/bars/blondies-sports-bar", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-happyhour-blondies", "kind": "web", "title": "Blondies Happy Hour: Upper West Side Wings & Sports Bar", "publisher": "happy-hour.nyc", "url": "https://happy-hour.nyc/bars-restaurants/blondies", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-blackowned-brooklyn-peppas", "kind": "web", "title": "Peppa's Jerk Chicken", "publisher": "Black-Owned Brooklyn", "url": "https://www.blackownedbrooklyn.com/stories/peppas-jerk-chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-hdc-peppas", "kind": "web", "title": "Peppa's Jerk Chicken — Six to Celebrate", "publisher": "Historic Districts Council", "url": "https://6tocelebrate.org/site/peppas-jerk-chicken/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-timeout-peppas", "kind": "web", "title": "Peppa's Jerk Chicken", "publisher": "Time Out New York", "url": "https://www.timeout.com/newyork/restaurants/peppas-jerk-chicken", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-peppas-online", "kind": "web", "title": "Peppas Jerk Chicken — Jamaican Restaurant in Brooklyn, NY", "publisher": "Peppa's Jerk Chicken", "url": "https://peppasonline.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-american-deli-about", "kind": "web", "title": "How American Deli Makes It.", "publisher": "American Deli", "url": "https://americandeli.com/about", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-american-deli-franchise-story", "kind": "web", "title": "Our Story — American Deli Franchise Opportunities", "publisher": "American Deli International, Inc.", "url": "https://americandelifranchise.com/our-story", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-american-deli-press", "kind": "web", "title": "Press | What People Say About Us", "publisher": "American Deli", "url": "https://americandeli.com/press", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-atlanta-eats-lemon-pepper", "kind": "web", "title": "Where To Find Atlanta's Best Lemon Pepper Wings", "publisher": "Atlanta Eats", "author": "Trisha Pintavorn", "date": "2025-04-30", "url": "https://www.atlantaeats.com/blog/lemon-pepper-wings-atlanta/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-ajc-lemon-pepper-2026", "kind": "web", "title": "Where to find the best lemon pepper wings in Atlanta", "publisher": "The Atlanta Journal-Constitution", "author": "Monti Carlo", "date": "2026-03-27", "url": "https://www.ajc.com/food-and-dining/2026/03/if-youre-looking-for-atlantas-best-lemon-pepper-wings-weve-found-them/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-jr-crickets", "kind": "web", "title": "Welcome to J R Crickets", "publisher": "J.R. Crickets Enterprises, Inc.", "url": "https://jrcrickets.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-jr-crickets-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Locations — J.R. Crickets", "publisher": "J.R. Crickets Enterprises, Inc.", "url": "https://jrcrickets.com/locations/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-cbs-atlanta-lemon-pepper", "kind": "web", "title": "In Atlanta, lemon pepper wet wings have diners coming back for more", "publisher": "CBS News Atlanta", "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/atlanta/news/atlanta-lemon-pepper-wet-chicken-wings-southern-staple-jr-crickets/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-cobb-courier-wing-cafe", "kind": "web", "title": "The Wing Cafe and Tap House, 30 Years of Friends and Flavor", "publisher": "Cobb County Courier", "date": "2025-06-27", "url": "https://cobbcountycourier.com/2025/06/the-wing-cafe-and-tap-house-30-years-of-friends-and-flavor/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-uncle-remus-story", "kind": "web", "title": "Our Story — Uncle Remus Saucy Fried Chicken", "publisher": "Uncle Remus Saucy Fried Chicken", "url": "https://www.uncleremususa.com/ourstory", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-uncle-remus-official", "kind": "web", "title": "Uncle Remus Saucy Fried Chicken | The Original Since 1968", "publisher": "Uncle Remus Saucy Fried Chicken", "url": "https://wearesaucyfriedchicken.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-yums-ii", "kind": "web", "title": "Yum's II | Online ordering menu", "publisher": "Yum's II", "url": "https://yumsii.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-complex-dc-carryout", "kind": "web", "title": "Wings and Mumbo Sauce To Go: A Guide to D.C. Carryout", "publisher": "Complex", "date": "2011-02", "url": "https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2011/02/wings-and-mumbo-sauce-to-go-a-guide-to-d-c-carryout", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wapo-chen-family", "kind": "web", "title": "One family, two Chinese restaurants and a city's astonishing transformation", "publisher": "The Washington Post", "date": "2016-09-28", "url": "https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/one-family-two-chinese-restaurants-and-a-citys-astonishing-transformation/2016/09/28/654bfeea-834f-11e6-ac72-a29979381495_story.html", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "paywalled to this project; read only through a search engine's extract, so anything drawn from it is marked needs_verification" }, { "id": "s:web-dcist-horace-dickies", "kind": "web", "title": "Horace And Dickie's Owner Says Gentrification Is Pushing Out His Fried Fish Carryout After 30 Years On H Street", "publisher": "DCist", "date": "2020-02-12", "url": "https://dcist.com/story/20/02/12/horace-and-dickies-owner-says-gentrification-is-pushing-out-his-fried-fish-carryout-after-30-years-on-h-street/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wtop-dickie-shannon", "kind": "web", "title": "Founder of DC-area's Horace and Dickie's Seafood dies at 84", "publisher": "WTOP News", "date": "2022-02", "url": "https://wtop.com/dc/2022/02/founder-of-dc-areas-horace-and-dickies-seafood-dies-at-84/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-nbc4-dickie-shannon", "kind": "web", "title": "Owner of Horace & Dickie's Seafood Mourned in Maryland, DC", "publisher": "NBC4 Washington", "url": "https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/owner-of-horace-dickies-seafood-mourned-in-maryland-dc/2966721/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-experience-pg-horace-dickies", "kind": "web", "title": "Horace & Dickie's Seafood — listing", "publisher": "Experience Prince George's (Prince George's County, Maryland)", "url": "https://www.experienceprincegeorges.com/listing/horace-&-dickies-seafood/1549/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-capital-city-history", "kind": "web", "title": "History", "publisher": "Capital City (Capital City, LLC)", "url": "https://www.capitalcity.com/pages/history", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-capital-city-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About Us", "publisher": "Capital City (Capital City, LLC)", "url": "https://www.capitalcity.com/pages/about-us", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sjp-capital-city-melford", "kind": "web", "title": "Capital City Mambo Sauce Establishing Headquarters and Distribution Facility at Melford Town Center in Prince George's County", "publisher": "St. John Properties, Inc.", "date": "2021-05-18", "url": "https://sjpi.com/press-releases/capital-city-mambo-sauce-establishing-headquarters-and-distribution-facility-at-melford-town-center-in-prince-georges-county", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-blacknews-capital-city", "kind": "web", "title": "Founders of DC-Based Mambo Sauce Company Win the Black Enterprise Family Business of the Year Award", "publisher": "BlackNews.com", "url": "https://blacknews.com/news/arsha-charles-jones-owners-capital-city-mambo-sauce-win-black-enterprise-family-business-award/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-botwc-arsha-jones", "kind": "web", "title": "Capital City Founder Arsha Jones Is on a Mission to Safeguard D.C.'s Beloved Mambo Sauce", "publisher": "Because of Them We Can", "url": "https://www.becauseofthemwecan.com/blogs/news/inside-capital-city-founder-arsha-jones-mission-safeguard-legacy-taste-mambo-sauce", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-princes-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Locations — Prince's Hot Chicken", "publisher": "Prince's Hot Chicken", "url": "https://www.princeshotchicken.com/locations", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-princes", "kind": "web", "title": "Prince's Hot Chicken Shack — oral history with André Prince Jeffries, Nashville Eats project", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "date": "2006-07-07", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/princes-hot-chicken-shack/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-nashville-hot-chicken-hattie-bs", "kind": "web", "title": "Hattie B's Hot Chicken — Nashville — Midtown", "publisher": "Nashville Hot Chicken Restaurant Guide", "url": "https://nashvillehotchicken.net/restaurants/hattie-bs-midtown", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-boltons", "kind": "web", "title": "Bolton's Spicy Chicken & Fish — oral history with Dolly Ingram, Nashville Eats project", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "date": "2008-05-31", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/boltons-spicy-chicken-and-fish/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-infatuation-boltons", "kind": "web", "title": "Bolton's Famous Hot Chicken & Fish — review", "publisher": "The Infatuation", "url": "https://www.theinfatuation.com/nashville/reviews/boltons-famous-hot-chicken-and-fish", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-chings-home", "kind": "web", "title": "Ching's Best Wings", "publisher": "Ching's Hot Wings", "url": "https://chingsbestwings.com/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-chings-menu", "kind": "web", "title": "Menu — Ching's Hot Wings", "publisher": "Ching's Hot Wings", "url": "https://chingsbestwings.com/menu", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-central-bbq-about", "kind": "web", "title": "About — Central BBQ", "publisher": "Central BBQ", "url": "https://eatcbq.com/pages/about", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-central-bbq-midtown", "kind": "web", "title": "Central BBQ — Midtown", "publisher": "Central BBQ", "url": "https://eatcbq.com/pages/midtown", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-sfa-central-bbq", "kind": "web", "title": "Central BBQ — oral history with Craig Blondis, Tennessee BBQ project", "publisher": "Southern Foodways Alliance", "date": "2008-07-13", "url": "https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/central-bbq/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-encyclopedia-alabama-big-bob", "kind": "web", "title": "Big Bob Gibson BBQ", "publisher": "Encyclopedia of Alabama", "url": "https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/big-bob-gibson-bbq/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-big-bob-gibson-history", "kind": "web", "title": "History — Big Bob Gibson", "publisher": "Big Bob Gibson Bar-B-Q", "url": "https://bigbobgibson.com/blogs/news/history", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-big-bob-gibson-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Locations — Big Bob Gibson", "publisher": "Big Bob Gibson Bar-B-Q", "url": "https://bigbobgibson.com/pages/locations", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-wp-chickies-and-petes", "kind": "web", "title": "Chickie's & Pete's", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chickie%27s_%26_Pete%27s", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-chickies-petes-menu", "kind": "web", "title": "Menu — Chickie's & Pete's", "publisher": "Chickie's & Pete's", "url": "https://www.chickiesandpetes.com/menu", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-chickies-petes-locations", "kind": "web", "title": "Our Locations — Chickie's & Pete's", "publisher": "Chickie's & Pete's", "url": "https://www.chickiesandpetes.com/location", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:osm-nominatim", "kind": "dataset", "title": "OpenStreetMap Nominatim geocoder", "publisher": "OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL 1.0)", "url": "https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-blockclub-harolds", "kind": "web", "title": "What's Going On With Harold's Chicken? Your Questions (Mostly) Answered", "publisher": "Block Club Chicago", "date": "2026-08-14", "url": "https://blockclubchicago.org/2026/08/14/whats-going-on-with-harolds-chicken/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "rate-limited to this project; read only through a search engine's extract, so anything drawn from it is marked needs_verification" }, { "id": "s:web-courtlistener-berkheimer", "kind": "web", "title": "Berkheimer v. REKM, L.L.C. — case record (docket 2023-0293, 2024-Ohio-2787, 177 Ohio St.3d 431, filed 2024-07-25)", "publisher": "CourtListener, Free Law Project", "url": "https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/10680649/berkheimer-v-rekm-llc/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-volokh-boneless", "kind": "web", "title": "Should Consumers Expect to Find Bones in \"Boneless Wings\"?", "author": "Jonathan H. Adler", "publisher": "Reason — The Volokh Conspiracy", "url": "https://reason.com/volokh/2024/07/25/should-consumers-expect-to-find-bones-in-boneless-wings/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "reproduces passages of the Deters majority and the Donnelly dissent" }, { "id": "s:web-hklaw-boneless", "kind": "web", "title": "Court Decision Concerning \"Boneless Chicken Wings\" Ignites Political Firestorm in Ohio", "publisher": "Holland & Knight LLP", "url": "https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2024/08/court-decision-concerning-boneless-chicken-wings-ignites", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-ecfr-381-170", "kind": "dataset", "title": "9 CFR 381.170 — Standards for kinds and classes, and for cuts of raw poultry", "publisher": "Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, US Government Publishing Office", "url": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-9/section-381.170", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "US Government work, public domain" }, { "id": "s:web-ams-weekly-chicken", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Weekly National Chicken Report (AMS_3646), report for 9/7/2026 to 9/11/2026", "publisher": "USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Livestock, Poultry and Grain Market News", "url": "https://www.ams.usda.gov/mnreports/AMS_3646.pdf", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "public domain; wholesale cents per pound, FOB" }, { "id": "s:web-ams-retail-chicken", "kind": "dataset", "title": "Weekly Grocery Store Chicken Feature Activity (AMS_2756), Fri Sep 11 2026, ads ending 9/5/2026 to 9/17/2026", "publisher": "USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Livestock, Poultry and Grain Market News", "url": "https://www.ams.usda.gov/mnreports/AMS_2756.pdf", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "public domain; advertised retail prices, dollars per pound" }, { "id": "s:web-ers-wing-cold-storage", "kind": "web", "title": "Rising cold storage supplies of U.S. chicken wings contributed to lower wholesale prices at end of 2021", "publisher": "USDA Economic Research Service, Charts of Note", "url": "https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/103459", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published 11 March 2022; draws on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Outlook, February 2022" }, { "id": "s:web-ncc-wing-poll-2018", "kind": "web", "title": "Americans to Eat 1.35 Billion Chicken Wings for Super Bowl", "publisher": "National Chicken Council", "url": "https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/americans-eat-1-35-billion-chicken-wings-super-bowl/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "released 24 January 2018; carries the Harris Poll dip figures fielded 9-11 January 2018" }, { "id": "s:web-civicscience-wing-debate", "kind": "web", "title": "Chicken Wing Debate: Drums or Flats?", "author": "John Dick", "publisher": "CivicScience", "url": "https://civicscience.com/the-great-chicken-wing-debate/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published 5 June 2014; 6,093 US respondents" }, { "id": "s:web-counter-boneless", "kind": "web", "title": "Boneless chicken wings: It's not a lie if you believe it", "author": "Sam Bloch", "publisher": "The Counter", "url": "https://thecounter.org/super-bowl-boneless-chicken-wings-poultry-economics/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published 1 February 2018; quotes Russ Whitman of Urner Barry" }, { "id": "s:web-consumer-reports-wyngz", "kind": "web", "title": "Stephen Colbert's right: wyngz rhetoric", "publisher": "Consumer Reports", "url": "https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2011/02/stephen-colbert-s-right-wyngz-rhetoric/index.htm", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published 3 February 2011; quotes the FSIS policy on the spelling" }, { "id": "s:web-thompson-coburn-wings", "kind": "web", "title": "'Boneless wings' or 'saucy nugs': Viral video provides lesson on food labeling laws", "publisher": "Thompson Coburn LLP", "url": "https://www.thompsoncoburn.com/insights/boneless-wings-or-saucy-nugs-viral-video-provides-lesson-on-food-labeling-la-102jbqy/", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-buffalorising-young-mural", "kind": "web", "title": "A Banner Day for the Legacy of John Young, aka \"King of the Wings\"", "publisher": "Buffalo Rising", "url": "https://www.buffalorising.com/2021/11/152550/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published November 2021" }, { "id": "s:web-spectrum-mural-copyright", "kind": "web", "title": "Buffalo mural artist sends invoices for copyright infringement", "author": "Brianne Roesser", "publisher": "Spectrum News 1 Buffalo", "url": "https://spectrumlocalnews.com/nys/buffalo/news/2023/04/12/mural-artist-sends-invoices-for-copyright-infringement", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "published 12 April 2023" }, { "id": "s:web-wingstop-ranch-cup", "kind": "web", "title": "Wingstop Makes Ranch the Moment with a Limited-Edition 32 oz. Cup of Ranch", "publisher": "Wingstop Inc., Investor Relations", "url": "https://ir.wingstop.com/wingstop-makes-ranch-the-moment-with-a-limited-edition-32-oz-cup-of-ranch/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "released 9 March 2026" }, { "id": "s:web-osm-copyright", "kind": "web", "title": "Copyright and Licence", "publisher": "OpenStreetMap Foundation", "url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "ODbL 1.0; attribution and share-alike" }, { "id": "s:web-commons-licensing", "kind": "web", "title": "Commons:Licensing", "publisher": "Wikimedia Commons", "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Licensing", "accessed": "2026-09-16" }, { "id": "s:web-commons-search", "kind": "web", "title": "Wikimedia Commons file search (MediaWiki API, action=query&list=search, namespace 6)", "publisher": "Wikimedia Commons", "url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "used to find candidate file titles and to read each file's licence, author and date from extmetadata" }, { "id": "s:wikibooks-barbecue-sauce", "kind": "web", "title": "Cookbook:Barbecue Sauce I", "publisher": "Wikibooks", "url": "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Barbecue_Sauce_I", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "CC BY-SA 4.0; Cookbook:Barbecue Sauce redirects here" }, { "id": "s:web-bygone-nashville-boltons", "kind": "web", "title": "Bolton's Spicy Chicken and Fish - One of the Oldest African American Owned Businesses on Main Street", "publisher": "Bygone Nashville, Middle Tennessee State University", "url": "https://bygone-nashville.mtsu.edu/items/show/30", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "the item body did not render to this project; the page title is what is cited here" }, { "id": "s:web-washingtonian-charles-jones", "kind": "web", "title": "Capital City Mambo Sauce Co-Owner Charles Jones Has Died at Age 46", "publisher": "Washingtonian", "date": "2019-10-14", "url": "https://washingtonian.com/2019/10/14/capital-city-mambo-sauce-co-owner-charles-jones-has-died-at-age-45/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "blocked to this project; the headline and the URL disagree on his age, which is why the record says 45 or 46" }, { "id": "s:web-blockclub-mild-sauce", "kind": "web", "title": "Who Owns Mild Sauce? White Chef Bottles Chicago's Great Black Invention", "publisher": "Block Club Chicago", "date": "2020-03-05", "url": "https://blockclubchicago.org/2020/03/05/who-owns-mild-sauce-white-chef-bottles-chicagos-great-black-invention/", "accessed": "2026-09-16", "note": "rate-limited to this project; read only through a search engine's extract" }, { "id": "s:wp-jalape-o", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Jalapeño", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o", "accessed": "2026-09-17" }, { "id": "s:wp-habanero", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Habanero", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habanero", "accessed": "2026-09-17" }, { "id": "s:wp-ghost-pepper", "kind": "wikipedia", "title": "Ghost pepper", "publisher": "Wikipedia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_pepper", "accessed": "2026-09-17" } ] }