{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "derung-face",
 "type": "tradition",
 "names": {
  "name": "Derung face marks",
  "local": "独龙族",
  "local_lang": "Chinese",
  "aliases": [
   "Dulong"
  ],
  "said": "Marked at twelve or thirteen, in a pattern some describe as a moustache"
 },
 "region": [
  "east-asia"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "family": "poke",
  "status": "dormant"
 },
 "when": {
  "from": 1800,
  "to": 1960,
  "circa": true,
  "label": "The last tattooed Derung women are elderly"
 },
 "practice": {
  "method": "poke",
  "ink": "soot-water",
  "placement": [
   "face"
  ],
  "marked": "women",
  "marks": "women",
  "status": "dormant",
  "countries": [
   "CN"
  ],
  "first_record": 1900,
  "break": [
   1967,
   2026
  ],
  "note": "Yunnan, in the gorges of the upper Salween and Irrawaddy."
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Yunnan: Derung women marked on the face at twelve or thirteen, in a tradition now carried by a handful of elders.",
  "story": "The same abduction story attaches here as in the Chin hills — that the marks were meant to make a woman unattractive to raiders. *Inference —* the story turns up wherever a colonising or dominant neighbour is in the picture, and it is always told about the women of the smaller group. It may be true in some places. It is also the explanation most convenient to everyone except the women wearing the marks."
 },
 "text_th": {
  "what": "ยูนนาน หญิงชาวตู้หลงถูกสักหน้าเมื่ออายุสิบสองสิบสาม ปัจจุบันเหลือผู้เฒ่าไม่กี่คน"
 },
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "chin-ming",
   "as": "The same story told about another set of women.",
   "rel": "tradition"
  }
 ],
 "links": [
  {
   "label": "Derung people",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derung_people"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-derung-people"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-derung-people"
  },
  "fields": {
   "text_th": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "low",
 "needs_verification": true,
 "tags": [
  "women"
 ],
 "geo": {
  "lat": 27.8,
  "lon": 98.3,
  "precision": "region",
  "source": "s:commons"
 },
 "updated": "2026-09-19",
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "chin-ming",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "Chin facial tattooing",
   "as": "Another women's facial tattoo with an abduction story attached to it."
  }
 ]
}