{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "sicanje",
 "type": "tradition",
 "names": {
  "name": "Sicanje",
  "local": "sicanje",
  "local_lang": "Croatian",
  "aliases": [
   "bocanje",
   "bockanje"
  ],
  "said": "sicanje — pricking; crosses and circles on the forearms and chest"
 },
 "region": [
  "europe"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "family": "poke",
  "status": "dormant"
 },
 "when": {
  "from": 1500,
  "to": 1945,
  "circa": true,
  "label": "Died out after the Second World War; the designs are being used again by machine"
 },
 "practice": {
  "method": "poke",
  "ink": "soot-honey",
  "placement": [
   "arms",
   "hands",
   "chest"
  ],
  "marked": "women",
  "marks": "women",
  "status": "dormant",
  "countries": [
   "BA",
   "HR"
  ],
  "first_record": 1894,
  "first_record_note": "Leopold Glück's 1894 paper in Vienna; Ćiro Truhelka illustrated the designs in the same decade",
  "break": [
   1945,
   2026
  ],
  "note": "Catholic Croats in central Bosnia; the marks went on girls, and sometimes boys, around puberty."
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Bosnia: Catholic girls' forearms and hands marked with crosses, circles and fences, pricked with soot and honey.",
  "story": "Two nineteenth-century observers recorded it — the archaeologist Ćiro Truhelka, who drew the designs, and a doctor, Leopold Glück, who published a paper in Vienna in 1894 titled *The Tattooing of Skin Among the Catholics of Bosnia and Herzegovina*.\n\nThe custom went out after the Second World War. What survives is the design vocabulary, now being applied by machine by tattooists in Croatia and Bosnia — a revival of the pattern without the practice, which is a distinct thing and this site counts it separately."
 },
 "text_th": {
  "what": "บอสเนีย เด็กหญิงคาทอลิกถูกสักไม้กางเขนและวงกลมที่แขนและมือ ด้วยเขม่าผสมน้ำผึ้ง"
 },
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "coptic-pilgrim",
   "as": "The other Christian hand-poke tradition on this site.",
   "rel": "tradition"
  },
  {
   "to": "who-wrote-it-down",
   "as": "Recorded by a doctor and an archaeologist, which is the usual pair.",
   "rel": "issue"
  }
 ],
 "links": [
  {
   "label": "Sicanje",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicanje"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-sicanje",
  "s:wp-croats-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-sicanje"
  },
  "fields": {
   "text_th": {
    "tier": "inference",
    "note": "written in Thai by this project, not machine-translated"
   }
  }
 },
 "confidence": "high",
 "tags": [
  "women",
  "colonial-record"
 ],
 "images": [
  {
   "file": "sicanje/sicanje-bh-croats-tattoo.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:BH Croats, Tattoo.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/BH_Croats%2C_Tattoo.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ABH_Croats%2C_Tattoo.jpg",
   "license": "Public domain",
   "license_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain",
   "author": "Mostarac",
   "credit": "https://www.croatianhistory.net/gif/tattoo1.jpg",
   "alt": "Tattoos of Cross on Croatian women in Bosnia and Herzegovina were defence from Ottoman Turks",
   "date": "starije od 70 godina / older then 70 yea",
   "primary": true,
   "sha256": "d7a6f855b9fa0cf0e5047c0f7c23fe50d46537af5312f343f32901d407ee9b22"
  },
  {
   "file": "sicanje/sicanje-frau-aus-dem-lasvatale.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Frau aus dem Lasvatale.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Frau_aus_dem_Lasvatale.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AFrau_aus_dem_Lasvatale.jpg",
   "license": "Public domain",
   "license_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain",
   "author": "R. Kofzmann",
   "credit": "III: Band; Mann und Weib in ihren Beziehungen zur Kultur der Gegenwart. page 455.",
   "alt": "nach \"Mitteilungen aus Bosnien und der Herzegowina\"\nFrau aus dem Lasvatale.",
   "date": "1910",
   "primary": false,
   "sha256": "42fb74b361b6e519212578e01914f94789367bd0440eafad774abe376ce118a0"
  }
 ],
 "geo": {
  "lat": 44.0,
  "lon": 17.7,
  "precision": "region",
  "source": "s:commons"
 },
 "updated": "2026-09-19",
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "coptic-pilgrim",
   "type": "tradition",
   "name": "The pilgrim's cross",
   "as": "Christian marks made by pricking, at the other end of the Mediterranean."
  },
  {
   "from": "soot-honey",
   "type": "ink",
   "name": "Soot and honey",
   "as": "Where it goes."
  },
  {
   "from": "truhelka-gluck",
   "type": "person",
   "name": "Truhelka and Glück",
   "as": "What they recorded."
  }
 ]
}