{
 "id": "hand-cut",
 "type": "kitchen",
 "names": {
  "name": "Cutting by hand",
  "aliases": [
   "the bench",
   "hand-cut",
   "the cutter"
  ],
  "said": "A shop that says hand-cut on the window is drawing a line, and everyone in the trade knows which one."
 },
 "region": [
  "us"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "kind": "cut"
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "Rolling sheeted dough and cutting rings with a two-ring cutter, rather than depositing or buying pre-formed shells.",
  "story": "Cutters with two concentric circles were on sale by 1870, which is when the ring and its hole became a manufactured thing rather than a trick with a pepper box. A ring can also be made by joining the ends of a rope of dough, or by stretching a disc until the middle tears.",
  "how": "Sheet, cut in rows, lift the rings onto screens, gather and re-roll the scrap once — twice makes it tough.",
  "today": "Hand-cut is a claim a shop makes on its sign. This project records the claim and its source, and does not test it."
 },
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "glazed-raised",
   "as": "What the bench is for.",
   "rel": "donut"
  },
  {
   "to": "allies-donuts",
   "as": "A shop that put the words in its name.",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "donut-holes",
   "as": "What the small ring leaves behind.",
   "rel": "donut"
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-doughnut"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-doughnut"
  },
  "fields": {
   "names.said": {
    "tier": "tradition"
   }
  }
 },
 "schema": 1,
 "confidence": "high",
 "updated": "2026-09-16",
 "blurb": "Rolling sheeted dough and cutting rings with a two-ring cutter, rather than depositing or buying pre-formed shells.",
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "us",
   "name": "The United States",
   "state": null,
   "note": "use when a node belongs to the whole country"
  }
 ],
 "kin_out": [
  {
   "to": "glazed-raised",
   "type": "donut",
   "name": "Glazed raised",
   "as": "What the bench is for.",
   "rel": "donut"
  },
  {
   "to": "allies-donuts",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Allie's Donuts",
   "as": "A shop that put the words in its name.",
   "rel": "place"
  },
  {
   "to": "donut-holes",
   "type": "donut",
   "name": "Donut holes",
   "as": "What the small ring leaves behind.",
   "rel": "donut"
  }
 ],
 "source_list": [
  {
   "id": "s:wp-doughnut",
   "kind": "web",
   "title": "Doughnut — Wikipedia",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doughnut",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  }
 ],
 "tiers": {
  "text.what": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-doughnut"
  },
  "text.story": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-doughnut"
  },
  "text.how": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-doughnut"
  },
  "text.today": {
   "tier": "cited",
   "source": "s:wp-doughnut"
  }
 },
 "primary_image": null,
 "tag_facts": [],
 "recognition_facts": [],
 "acclaim": 0,
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "allies-donuts",
   "type": "place",
   "name": "Allie's Donuts",
   "as": "What the name claims and the bench does.",
   "rel": "kitchen"
  }
 ]
}