{
 "schema": 1,
 "id": "burgundy",
 "type": "region",
 "names": {
  "name": "Burgundy",
  "aliases": [
   "Bourgogne"
  ]
 },
 "region": [
  "burgundy"
 ],
 "facets": {
  "country": "France",
  "level": "region",
  "established": 1936,
  "soil": "limestone and marl"
 },
 "text": {
  "what": "A strip of limestone running south-west from Dijon where pinot noir and chardonnay have been sorted, fenced and argued over for a thousand years. Everything here is small: the hill is 40 km long and rarely 2 km wide, and it carries 100 appellations stacked in four ranks.",
  "story": "Medieval monks and the Valois dukes did the surveying: which parcel ripened, which drained, which froze. Denis Morelot wrote it down in 1831; Jules Lavalle classified it in 1855; the Beaune agricultural committee formalised it in 1861; and when the AOC laws arrived in 1936 most of Lavalle's first class became grands crus. The ranks on today's label are a nineteenth-century map given the force of law.",
  "how": "Four ranks, and the smaller the ground the louder the name. Grand cru takes 2% of production at 35 hl/ha and labels the vineyard alone. Premier cru takes 12% at 45 hl/ha and labels village plus vineyard. Village wines take 36% at 50 hl/ha across 42 villages. Regional Bourgogne carries the rest. A grower may always sell down a rank, never up.",
  "today": "UNESCO inscribed the climats in 2015, which put a heritage listing on a land-holding pattern rather than a building."
 },
 "kin": [
  {
   "to": "pinot-noir",
   "as": "The grape this hill selected, and the one it exported.",
   "rel": "variety"
  },
  {
   "to": "cote-de-nuits",
   "as": "The northern half, holding nearly every red grand cru.",
   "rel": "part"
  },
  {
   "to": "cote-de-beaune",
   "as": "The southern half, where the whites take the hill.",
   "rel": "part"
  },
  {
   "to": "climat",
   "as": "The word for a named parcel, and the unit the whole system counts in.",
   "rel": "term"
  },
  {
   "to": "hospices-de-beaune",
   "as": "The charity whose November auction sets the tone for the vintage.",
   "rel": "org"
  },
  {
   "to": "how-pinot-travelled",
   "as": "How cuttings and arguments from this hill reached Oregon, Otago and the Cape.",
   "rel": "story"
  }
 ],
 "geo": {
  "lat": 47.05,
  "lon": 4.85,
  "precision": "region"
 },
 "sources": [
  "s:wp-burgundy-wine",
  "s:unesco-1425",
  "s:wp-pinot-noir",
  "s:morris-inside-burgundy"
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "default": {
   "tier": "cited"
  }
 },
 "measures": [
  {
   "key": "length_km",
   "label": "Length of the Côte d'Or",
   "value": 40,
   "unit": "km",
   "year": null,
   "source": "s:wp-burgundy-wine",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "key": "hectares_pinot",
   "label": "Pinot noir on the Côte d'Or escarpment",
   "value": 4500,
   "unit": "ha",
   "year": null,
   "source": "s:wp-pinot-noir",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "key": "appellations",
   "label": "Appellations",
   "value": 100,
   "unit": "AOC",
   "year": null,
   "source": "s:wp-burgundy-wine",
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  {
   "key": "village_appellations",
   "label": "Village appellations",
   "value": 42,
   "unit": "AOC",
   "year": null,
   "source": "s:wp-burgundy-wine",
   "tier": "cited"
  }
 ],
 "recognitions": [
  {
   "by": "unesco",
   "what": "The Climats, terroirs of Burgundy, World Heritage List 1425",
   "year": 2015,
   "source": "s:unesco-1425",
   "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1425/"
  }
 ],
 "confidence": "high",
 "updated": "2026-09-16",
 "images": [
  {
   "file": "burgundy/burgundy-landscape-and-vineyards-in-bourgogne.jpg",
   "source": "commons",
   "title": "File:Landscape and vineyards in Bourgogne.jpg",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Landscape_and_vineyards_in_Bourgogne.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALandscape_and_vineyards_in_Bourgogne.jpg",
   "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
   "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/",
   "author": "tara hunt",
   "credit": "Flickr: in Bourgogne",
   "alt": "From author: \"Burgundy region...mostly around the appellations of Chambelle-Musigny and Chambertin, but in and around Dijon, Beaune and area.\"",
   "date": "2006-09-24 04:15:15",
   "primary": true,
   "sha256": "5a5e8a1aecbeeb69891ac94f88fbeb395a76bbca7023b62b441c8c9ba848fe77"
  }
 ],
 "blurb": "A strip of limestone running south-west from Dijon where pinot noir and chardonnay have been sorted, fenced and argued over for a thousand years.",
 "region_terms": [
  {
   "key": "burgundy",
   "name": "Burgundy",
   "country": "France",
   "note": "the Côte d'Or and its neighbours; the grape's home ground and its reference set"
  }
 ],
 "kin_out": [
  {
   "to": "pinot-noir",
   "type": "variety",
   "name": "Pinot noir",
   "as": "The grape this hill selected, and the one it exported.",
   "rel": "variety"
  },
  {
   "to": "cote-de-nuits",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Côte de Nuits",
   "as": "The northern half, holding nearly every red grand cru.",
   "rel": "part"
  },
  {
   "to": "cote-de-beaune",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Côte de Beaune",
   "as": "The southern half, where the whites take the hill.",
   "rel": "part"
  },
  {
   "to": "climat",
   "type": "term",
   "name": "Climat",
   "as": "The word for a named parcel, and the unit the whole system counts in.",
   "rel": "term"
  },
  {
   "to": "hospices-de-beaune",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "Hospices de Beaune",
   "as": "The charity whose November auction sets the tone for the vintage.",
   "rel": "org"
  },
  {
   "to": "how-pinot-travelled",
   "type": "story",
   "name": "How pinot left the hill",
   "as": "How cuttings and arguments from this hill reached Oregon, Otago and the Cape.",
   "rel": "story"
  }
 ],
 "source_list": [
  {
   "id": "s:wp-burgundy-wine",
   "kind": "encyclopaedia",
   "title": "Burgundy wine",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?curid=715978",
   "permalink": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365731507",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:unesco-1425",
   "kind": "org",
   "title": "The Climats, terroirs of Burgundy — World Heritage List 1425",
   "publisher": "UNESCO World Heritage Centre",
   "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1425/",
   "note": "inscribed 2015"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:wp-pinot-noir",
   "kind": "encyclopaedia",
   "title": "Pinot noir",
   "publisher": "Wikipedia",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?curid=197760",
   "permalink": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371302191",
   "accessed": "2026-09-16",
   "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0"
  },
  {
   "id": "s:morris-inside-burgundy",
   "kind": "book",
   "title": "Inside Burgundy: The Vineyards, the Wine and the People",
   "author": "Jasper Morris",
   "publisher": "Berry Bros. & Rudd Press",
   "year": 2010
  }
 ],
 "tiers": {
  "text.what": {
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  "text.story": {
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  "text.how": {
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  "text.today": {
   "tier": "cited"
  },
  "geo": {
   "tier": "cited"
  }
 },
 "primary_image": {
  "file": "burgundy/burgundy-landscape-and-vineyards-in-bourgogne.jpg",
  "source": "commons",
  "title": "File:Landscape and vineyards in Bourgogne.jpg",
  "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Landscape_and_vineyards_in_Bourgogne.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
  "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALandscape_and_vineyards_in_Bourgogne.jpg",
  "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
  "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/",
  "author": "tara hunt",
  "credit": "Flickr: in Bourgogne",
  "alt": "From author: \"Burgundy region...mostly around the appellations of Chambelle-Musigny and Chambertin, but in and around Dijon, Beaune and area.\"",
  "date": "2006-09-24 04:15:15",
  "primary": true,
  "sha256": "5a5e8a1aecbeeb69891ac94f88fbeb395a76bbca7023b62b441c8c9ba848fe77"
 },
 "tag_facts": [],
 "recognition_facts": [
  {
   "key": "unesco",
   "label": "UNESCO World Heritage",
   "what": "The Climats, terroirs of Burgundy, World Heritage List 1425",
   "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1425/",
   "year": 2015,
   "source": "s:unesco-1425"
  }
 ],
 "acclaim": 1,
 "kin_in": [
  {
   "from": "gamay",
   "type": "variety",
   "name": "Gamay",
   "as": "The region that expelled it from the Côte d'Or and still grows it further south.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "pinot-noir",
   "type": "variety",
   "name": "Pinot noir",
   "as": "Home ground, and the reference every other pinot region gets measured against.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "cote-chalonnaise",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Côte Chalonnaise",
   "as": "Burgundy's southern shoulder, outside the Côte d'Or.",
   "rel": "whole"
  },
  {
   "from": "cote-de-beaune",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Côte de Beaune",
   "as": "The southern half of the Côte d'Or.",
   "rel": "whole"
  },
  {
   "from": "cote-de-nuits",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Côte de Nuits",
   "as": "The northern half of the Côte d'Or.",
   "rel": "whole"
  },
  {
   "from": "hemel-en-aarde",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Hemel-en-Aarde",
   "as": "The comparison every grower in the valley invites and then complicates.",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "from": "jura",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Jura",
   "as": "Sixty miles west, and the comparison every Jura grower fields.",
   "rel": "neighbour"
  },
  {
   "from": "sancerre",
   "type": "region",
   "name": "Sancerre",
   "as": "The duchy this ground once answered to.",
   "rel": "origin"
  },
  {
   "from": "chambertin",
   "type": "vineyard",
   "name": "Chambertin",
   "as": "Where the habit of appending the best vineyard to the village name began.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "clos-de-vougeot",
   "type": "vineyard",
   "name": "Clos de Vougeot",
   "as": "Where dividing land by inheritance became the system.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "calera",
   "type": "producer",
   "name": "Calera",
   "as": "The comparison he was explicitly chasing.",
   "rel": "origin"
  },
  {
   "from": "drc",
   "type": "producer",
   "name": "Domaine de la Romanée-Conti",
   "as": "The region whose reputation this address both makes and distorts.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "green-harvest",
   "type": "practice",
   "name": "Green harvest",
   "as": "Where the yield caps are written into the appellation.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "hand-harvest",
   "type": "practice",
   "name": "Hand harvest",
   "as": "Where the slope makes the choice for you.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "coq-au-vin",
   "type": "pairing",
   "name": "Coq au vin",
   "as": "Where the version with a named wine comes from.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "duck",
   "type": "pairing",
   "name": "Duck",
   "as": "Where the pairing is a house rule.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "truffle-pairing",
   "type": "pairing",
   "name": "Truffle",
   "as": "Where both come from.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "washed-rind-cheese",
   "type": "pairing",
   "name": "Washed-rind cheese",
   "as": "Whose cheese board this is.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "josh-jensen",
   "type": "person",
   "name": "Josh Jensen",
   "as": "Where he learned the argument.",
   "rel": "origin"
  },
  {
   "from": "bivb",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "BIVB",
   "as": "Whose numbers it publishes.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "inao",
   "type": "org",
   "name": "INAO",
   "as": "Whose four ranks it administers.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "hospices-auction",
   "type": "event",
   "name": "Hospices de Beaune auction",
   "as": "The region that reads it as a weather report with prices.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "saint-vincent-tournante",
   "type": "event",
   "name": "Saint-Vincent Tournante",
   "as": "Whose villages take turns.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "ava",
   "type": "term",
   "name": "AVA",
   "as": "Where the same idea comes with rules about what you may plant and how much you may pick.",
   "rel": "contrast"
  },
  {
   "from": "climat",
   "type": "term",
   "name": "Climat",
   "as": "The region that counts in these units.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "cru",
   "type": "term",
   "name": "Cru",
   "as": "Four ranks, and the smaller the ground the louder the name.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "negociant",
   "type": "term",
   "name": "Négociant",
   "as": "Where the trade is structured around this.",
   "rel": "region"
  },
  {
   "from": "how-pinot-travelled",
   "type": "story",
   "name": "How pinot left the hill",
   "as": "Where it starts.",
   "rel": "region"
  }
 ]
}