Carolina Barbecue

a saucelight tomato sauce

also: light-tomato barbecue sauce · vinegar-and-ketchup sauce · thin red sauce

It is 'the sauce' at the counter; the map calls it light tomato.

Vinegar-and-pepper sauce with ketchup added — enough to redden and sweeten it a little, not enough to thicken it — and often cayenne or a bottled hot sauce. The state tourism office's description is the whole recipe: 'a vinegar-and-pepper sauce with ketchup added for a little sweetness'. It is the sauce of South Carolina's Pee Dee and upper Midlands on the state's four-sauce map, and the same idea as the Lexington dip across the line, which the South Carolina Barbeque Association counts as the same sauce. It goes on chopped pork at the block and stands on the table.

The story Cited · web-scba-bbq-history

The South Carolina Barbeque Association dates the light tomato sauce to about 1900, 'vinegar and pepper with tomato ketchup added'; Wikipedia ties it to the affordability of mass-produced ketchup in the early twentieth century and to North Carolina's influence. The barbecue-sauce article's timeline agrees: sugar, ketchup and Worcestershire entered sauces in the 1920s. Kovacik and Winberry's 1987 geography of the state drew the four regions the tourism office still publishes, and Robert Moss answers that there are really two sauces, mustard and vinegar, of which this is a variant. Inference — the sauce is the vinegar tradition's own sweetening, made in the same kitchens that kept the older sauce, which is why on the map it shares the Pee Dee with vinegar-and-pepper rather than displacing it.

How it is done Tradition

Cider vinegar, salt, black pepper, crushed red pepper; ketchup by the spoon until it colors; water to thin; cayenne or hot sauce; sugar if the house likes. Warmed, not cooked down. On the block it goes into the chopped meat; on the table it is the second bottle beside vinegar-and-pepper or mustard.

Today Cited · web-texas-pete-eastern-carolina

On the table at Pee Dee and upper-Midlands pits under the house name; Texas Pete's bottled Eastern Carolina BBQ Sauce — apple cider vinegar, tomato paste, red pepper flakes, sugar — is, by this map's terms, a light tomato sauce.

Facts

baselight-tomato
stylesLight tomato barbecue, Lexington-style barbecue
regionThe Pee Dee, The Upstate, The North Carolina Piedmont, The Carolinas
linksSouth Carolina's Four Barbecue Sauces — Discover South Carolina · BBQ History — South Carolina Barbeque Association
confidencemedium · needs verification · updated 2026-09-16

On the label

what was readbottle · T.W. Garner Food Company, Winston-Salem, NC
vinegar#1 on the label
tomato#2 on the label
mustard
sugar#4 on the label
sugar per tablespoon1 g (a tablespoon of table sugar is about 12.6 g)
sodium per tablespoon3.5 mg
heat, by the label's own wordmedium
the label, in orderApple Cider Vinegar, Tomato Paste, Red Pepper Flakes, Sugar

Read from this page, 2026-09-16. A North Carolina bottle, read here for its order rather than its region: four ingredients, vinegar first, tomato paste second, one gram of sugar to the tablespoon and 3.5 mg of sodium. That is the thin tomato reading. No Pee Dee light-tomato bottle's label was found on 2026-09-16, so the style's own state is unmeasured here. Sodium from the maker's panel; total sugars from USDA FoodData Central record 1996873, the maker's panel giving no sugars line. Every bottle we have read is on the sauce page.

Recipes you may use

Public-domain cookbooks are printed here in full, spelling and all. Where a recipe is still in copyright, the page gives the ingredients — a list of what goes in is a fact — and links to the rest.

Eastern North Carolina Barbecue Sauce

Wikibooks Cookbook · read 16 September 2026 · source · CC BY-SA 4.0
1. Start with apple cider vinegar in saucepan over medium heat. 2. Add salt, ground black pepper, crushed red pepper, molasses, and honey. 3. Let mixture heat up, but not quite boil. 4. Mix well. 5. Return sauce to the jug that the vinegar came in to cool.

Makes ¾ gallon.

The vinegar sauce before any ketchup goes in; a light-tomato sauce is this with enough ketchup to redden it.

Barbecue Sauce (Sweet)

Wikibooks Cookbook · read 16 September 2026 · source · CC BY-SA 4.0
1. Combine all ingredients together and bring to a boil. Reduce heat and simmer 10 to 15 minutes, until it thickens slightly. 2. Arrange chicken pieces or pork chops in a greased baking dish. 3. Pour half of sauce over and bake at 350°F (175°C) for 30 to 40 minutes. 4. Pour remaining sauce over before serving.

A cup of ketchup to three quarters of a cup of cider vinegar: heavier than a Pee Dee light-tomato sauce, lighter than a Kansas City one.

Sauce for Barbecues (receipt 335)

Mrs. A. P. Hill · Mrs. Hill's New Cook-Book · 1867 · p. 171 · source · Public domain
Melt half a pound of butter; stir into it a large tablespoonful of mustard, half a teaspoonful of red pepper, one of black, salt to taste; add vinegar until the sauce has a strong acid taste. The quantity of vinegar will depend upon the strength of it. As soon as the meat becomes hot, begin to baste, and continue basting frequently until it is done; pour over the meat any sauce that remains.

The vinegar mop the tomato was later added to.

Not to be confused with

Its kin

stylesLight tomato barbecuethe style it names on the map: the Pee Dee and the upper Midlands.and of this page it says: its sauce: vinegar and pepper with ketchup added, thin enough to pour.saucesLexington dipthe same sauce under the Piedmont's name; the SC Barbeque Association maps the two regions as one.and of this page it says: its South Carolina twin, which the SC Barbeque Association maps with the Piedmont.saucesvinegar-and-pepper saucethe base: add ketchup and this is what you get.and of this page it says: its South Carolina descendant: the same sauce with ketchup added, about 1900 by the SC Barbeque Association's dating.saucesheavy tomato saucethe thick, sweet sauce it is often taken for at the shelf; this one pours.and of this page it says: the thin cousin: same color, opposite body.saucesmustard-based barbecue saucethe yellow sauce to its south; blended with it in Orangeburg as 'rust'.and of this page it says: the sauce to its north on the map; some Orangeburg houses blend the two into 'rust'.stylesPee Dee whole-hog barbecuethe whole-hog country it shares with vinegar-and-pepper.stylesLexington-style barbecuethe North Carolina style that made the same sauce its own.saucesTexas Petewhose bottled Eastern Carolina BBQ Sauce — cider vinegar, tomato paste, red pepper flakes, sugar — is a light tomato sauce by this map's terms.and of this page it says: its own Eastern Carolina BBQ Sauce — cider vinegar, tomato paste, red pepper flakes, sugar — is one, by the South Carolina map's terms.placesMidway BBQthe upper-Midlands hash house whose chopped pork comes in its house sauce.peopleLake Highwhose history dates the sauce to about 1900.and of this page it says: vinegar-and-pepper with ketchup, from around 1900, in his account.peopleRobert F. Mosswho folds it back into the vinegar family.and of this page it says: folded back into the vinegar family by his count.

Who points back

places · says of this pageHenry's Smokehouseits mild sauce, tomato-based, in the Piedmont manner.organizations · says of this pageSouth Carolina Barbeque Associationthe sauce it dates to the arrival of bottled ketchup.

Sources

Where it came from: Cited a source we name · Harvested pulled from an open dataset · Tradition what the tradition says, hedged · Inference this project's reasoning · Field somebody stood there. This record as JSON.

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