Pink BoxCake or raised, by the numbers
Nine donuts the United States government has weighed, split by what lifts them.
Sugar in one donut
One dot per food, 7 in all, each scaled from USDA's per-100-gram figures to the piece weight USDA itself lists. The upright tick is the row's median. Bismarck tops it at 17.9 g in a 85-gram piece — a tablespoon of table sugar is about 12.6 g. Hover a dot for the food and its weight.
The same numbers as a table
| Donut | Dough | Piece | Sugar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bismarck | Raised | 85 g | 17.9 g |
| Glazed raised | Raised | 64 g | 14.6 g |
| French cruller | Choux | 41 g | 14.4 g |
| Chocolate cake | Cake | 42 g | 13.4 g |
| Bavarian cream | Raised | 85 g | 12.4 g |
| Old-fashioned | Cake | 40 g | 7.3 g |
| Donut holes | Raised | 13 g | 3 g |
Fat in one donut
The same foods on the other axis. A raised ring sits in the fat about 150 seconds and a cake ring about 90, and the raised one comes out carrying more of it — though the cake batter had shortening mixed in before it ever went near the kettle.
The same numbers as a table
| Donut | Dough | Piece | Fat | Saturated | Calories |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bavarian cream | Raised | 85 g | 20.8 g | 4.6 | 306.8 |
| Bismarck | Raised | 85 g | 15.9 g | 4.1 | 289.0 |
| Glazed raised | Raised | 64 g | 14.5 g | 6.0 | 269.4 |
| Cake donut | Cake | 45 g | 10.3 g | 2.7 | 191.7 |
| Old-fashioned | Cake | 40 g | 10 g | 4.4 | 173.6 |
| Chocolate cake | Cake | 42 g | 8.4 g | 2.2 | 175.1 |
| French cruller | Choux | 41 g | 7.5 g | 1.9 | 168.9 |
| Donut holes | Raised | 13 g | 3 g | 1.2 | 54.7 |
A piece is not a weight
Every number above depends on what counts as one donut, and USDA's own portion table runs from 13 g to 157 g — a hole against a jumbo, the same food either way. Each dot is a portion USDA lists; the bar spans them. This is the reason a donut's calorie count is an argument about size.
What happens in the kettle
The published accounts do not agree on how much fat each dough takes up, so both are here.
| Raised | Cake | |
|---|---|---|
| What lifts it | baker's yeast, proofed twice | baking powder or soda |
| Flour | stronger dough | cake flour, about 7–8% protein |
| Time in the fat | about 150 seconds | about 90 seconds, turning once — or 30 to 45 seconds commercially, by another account |
| Fat temperature | 182–190 °C (360–374 °F) | 190–198 °C (374–388 °F); 191 °C by the other account |
| Oil it carries | about 25% by weight — or 25 to 35%, depending on the account | about 20% — or 20 to 25% — plus shortening mixed into the batter beforehand |
| Weight of a ring | averages 38 g | 24 to 28 g |
Neither account names a laboratory. They agree on the direction and differ on the size of the gap. Both are cited on cake against raised.
Every donut measured
Grams per piece, at the portion weight in the third column. A blank means USDA publishes no figure for it.
| Donut | Dough | Piece | Calories | Sugar | Fat | Saturated | Carbs | Sodium | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cake donut | Cake | 45 g | 191.7 | 10.3 g | 2.7 g | 22.9 g | 180.9 mg | USDA | |
| Chocolate cake | Cake | 42 g | 175.1 | 13.4 g | 8.4 g | 2.2 g | 24.1 g | 90.3 mg | USDA |
| Old-fashioned | Cake | 40 g | 173.6 | 7.3 g | 10 g | 4.4 g | 18.8 g | 190.8 mg | USDA |
| French cruller | Choux | 41 g | 168.9 | 14.4 g | 7.5 g | 1.9 g | 24.4 g | 141.4 mg | USDA |
| Bavarian cream | Raised | 85 g | 306.8 | 12.4 g | 20.8 g | 4.6 g | 25.5 g | 262.6 mg | USDA |
| Bismarck | Raised | 85 g | 289 | 17.9 g | 15.9 g | 4.1 g | 33.1 g | 386.8 mg | USDA |
| Donut holes | Raised | 13 g | 54.7 | 3 g | 3 g | 1.2 g | 6.2 g | 41.1 mg | USDA |
| Glazed raised | Raised | 64 g | 269.4 | 14.6 g | 14.5 g | 6 g | 30.7 g | 202.2 mg | USDA |
The donuts
Chopped apple and cinnamon folded through raised dough, torn rather than cut, fried craggy and glazed all over so the sugar catches in every fold. No two come o
A raised round with no hole, filled with a set custard — Bavarian cream is custard lightened with whipped cream and held with gelatin — and finished in sugar, o
A sweet yeast dough — bread dough carrying more shortening than usual — filled with almond paste and sometimes raisins, shaped in a semicircle with slices cut a
A deep-fried pastry of French origin, in New Orleans a square of dough fried until it puffs hollow and buried in confectioner's sugar. Beignet means bump.
A round raised donut with no hole, fried, then injected with fruit preserve, custard or cream and finished in sugar or icing.
Cake batter cut in a bar rather than a ring, fried so it splits open along the top, and glazed heavily enough that the glaze runs into the split.
A ring of thick batter, not dough, raised by baking powder or soda rather than yeast and dropped straight into the fat from a depositor.
A cake ring with cocoa in the batter, glazed or sugared. Dark, dense, and sweeter than the plain cake ring on the published numbers.
An American cake donut flavoured with apple cider, cinnamon and nutmeg in the batter, usually rolled in cinnamon or granulated sugar.
The centres cut out of ring donuts, fried and sold by the bag — or, more often now, made on purpose from the same dough or batter and never cut from anything.
A Pennsylvania Dutch fried donut, often made with potato dough, eaten in the days of Carnival and above all on Shrove Tuesday.
A ring extruded from choux paste — flour cooked into butter and water, then beaten with eggs — piped through a star tip so it fries up ridged and hollow, and gl
A ring of yeast dough, proofed until it is full of gas, fried about two and a half minutes, then dragged through a thin sugar glaze while it is still hot enough
A bar-shaped raised donut, glazed all over or iced on top, sometimes filled with custard or cream.
A flattened round of yeasted dough, fried and rolled in sugar — cinnamon sugar, often — with no hole and traditionally no filling.
A bar of raised dough, fried, then topped end to end with maple-flavoured icing. Sometimes filled with custard or cream; sometimes finished with chopped bacon,
A chewy donut made with glutinous rice flour or tapioca flour, usually formed as a ring of eight connected balls that pull apart. Moist, springy, and heavier in
A cake ring with a cracked surface and tapered edges, glazed or sugared so the glaze pools in the cracks. The crack is the point: more surface, crisper edge, an
A Polish filled donut: a flattened ball of rich dough — eggs, fat, sugar, yeast, sometimes milk — deep fried, filled with jam or cream, and finished in powdered
A donut made with potato flour or mashed potato in the dough. Softer crumb, longer shelf life, and a faint savoury note under the sugar.
A round filled donut, traditionally red jelly with icing sugar on top, eaten at Hanukkah. Dulce de leche fillings became common after South American immigration
Numbers come from USDA FoodData Central's SR Legacy set, which publishes nine generic doughnut foods per 100 grams with its own portion weights; they are public domain and each row links to the food it came from. These are not any particular shop's donuts — almost no independent shop publishes a weight, let alone a panel. The data is at api/donuts.json.