Amulet Atlas

Amulet AtlasAmulets

The things themselves: worn, buried, nailed above a door, folded into a pocket.

Ancient (19)

Ankh amulet

2700 BCE – 2 BCE

A T with a loop on top, the loop shaped like a droplet. As an amulet it is small and strung at the neck; the earliest ones are gold or electrum, the alloy of gold and…

Bes amulet

2055 BCE – 999 CE

A squat bearded figure with a lion's face, a feathered crown, a protruding tongue and bandy legs, shown full-face when every other Egyptian god is shown in profile.

Chinese charm coin

206 BCE to now

A cast bronze disc with a hole through it, shaped like a Chinese cash coin and never spendable as one.

Cippus of Horus

1069 BCE – 30 BCE

A slab of stone carved with the child Horus standing on two crocodiles, gripping snakes and scorpions in his fists, and often an antelope by the horns and a lion by the…

Cowrie strand

3000 BCE to now

Small sea-snail shells, egg-shaped, glossy, with a long toothed slit down the flat underside. Strung on cord, sewn onto cloth, hung at the neck, or thrown in handfuls.

Djed pillar

1550 BCE – 1069 BCE

A column with four flat bars stacked across its top, like a capital with too many collars. As an amulet it is small and hung at the neck; the Book of the Dead specifies…

Dzi bead

700 BCE to now

A tube of agate, brown to black, carrying pale ivory-white patterns that were etched into the stone rather than cut: circles, ovals, squares, waves, zigzags, stripes…

Figa

100 BCE to now

A closed fist with the thumb pushed up between the index and middle fingers, carved small and drilled for a cord. In Asturias it is cut from jet; elsewhere from coral…

Fu talisman

317 CE to now

A sheet — usually paper, sometimes cloth, sometimes a coin's face — written over in a script nobody is meant to read.

Hagstone

1 CE to now

A stone with a hole worn right through it by water, usually flint, usually glassy. Nobody makes one: a hagstone is found, on a beach or in a field, and a stone holed by…

Heart scarab

1690 BCE – 664 BCE

An oval beetle, larger and heavier than the scarabs of the living, cut from a dark green or black stone — green jasper, serpentine, basalt — and usually not drilled for…

Incantation bowl

501 CE – 800 CE

A plain earthenware bowl with writing inside it. The text is inked in a spiral that starts at the rim and winds inward to the centre, most often in Jewish Babylonian…

Ketef Hinnom silver scrolls

625 BCE – 575 BCE

Two sheets of silver, tiny, rolled tight, each scratched with a passage of the Priestly Blessing from the Book of Numbers.

Lamashtu plaque

1000 BCE – 301 BCE

A small plaque, pierced or looped so it can hang, carrying the figure of the demon it is aimed at.

Pazuzu head

800 BCE – 63 BCE

A head, cast or carved, with a hole or a loop through the top for a cord. The face is the point: gazelle horns, human ears, a dog's muzzle, bulging eyes, wrinkled cheeks.

Scarab

2000 BCE – 30 BCE

A beetle, carved or moulded, with a flat underside cut as a seal. The back shows the head, the wing case and the legs; the base carries hieroglyphs — a king's name, an…

Taweret amulet

3000 BCE – 390 CE

A hippopotamus standing upright on two legs, with a lion's limbs and paws, a Nile crocodile down her back and tail, human breasts and a pregnant belly.

Tyet

1550 BCE – 30 BCE

A looped knot with two arms hanging down and a tail below — an ankh whose crossbar has drooped. Cut small and laid in the wrappings, usually on the upper torso.

Wedjat eye

2686 BCE – 641 CE

A stylised human eye with a falcon's cheek-mark curling below it, cut or moulded small enough to string at the throat.

Classical (6)

Bulla

300 BCE – 399 CE

A locket on a neckchain: a round hollow pouch with something shut inside it, usually a phallus. What it was made of tracked the family's money — gold or gold foil at the…

Curse tablet

500 BCE – 399 CE

A very thin sheet of lead with tiny letters scratched into it, then rolled, folded, or pierced through with a nail.

Fascinum

300 BCE – 399 CE

A phallus, worn. Usually cast in bronze, often winged, pierced or looped for a cord; also cut as finger rings, carved in relief on walls, made into lamps and into wind…

Gorgoneion

660 BCE – 399 CE

A face, not a body: wild eyes, tusks, tongue out, snakes for hair.

Lunula

300 BCE – 399 CE

A crescent moon on a chain, usually gold, worn by girls in ancient Rome.

Magical gem

100 BCE – 399 CE

A cut stone between one and three centimetres across, engraved on both faces and often round the edge as well.

Early Modern (15)

Anting-anting

1565 CE to now

Most often a flat pendant on a necklace — round, triangular or cross-shaped, in gold-coloured metal, its face crowded with figures and Latin words. But the class is…

Brigid's cross

1600 CE to now

A small cross woven from straw or rushes, defined by its material rather than its shape.

Concealed shoe

1308 CE – 1991 CE

An ordinary worn shoe, walled into a building where nobody will see it: up a chimney, under a floor, above a ceiling, in the roof, beside a door or window frame…

Dol hareubang

1416 CE to now

A standing figure cut from Jeju's volcanic rock, wearing a round hat, with large eyes, a closed mouth, and one shoulder set higher than the other.

Ekeko

1781 CE to now

A short, moustached man in Andean dress, above all a poncho, loaded to the shoulders with everything a household could want: bags and baskets of grain, food, pots…

Four-leaf clover

1600 CE to now

A clover leaf with four leaflets instead of three, usually white clover, Trifolium repens. It is a mutation, not a species. Found ones are pressed flat in a book or…

Kamea

201 CE to now

A written amulet: a small sheet of parchment, paper or thin metal, inscribed in Hebrew with divine and angelic names, sometimes laid out as a grid of letters or numbers…

Ladanka

undated

A small pouch or a small hinged case hung at the neck on the same cord or chain as a baptismal cross. Cloth for the old kind, stamped or cast metal for the kind sold…

Milagro

undated

A small flat metal shape of the thing you are praying about — a leg, an eye, a heart, a lung, a kneeling man, a cow, a house, a car.

Nkisi

1600 CE to now

A container with a spirit in it. The container can be a ceramic vessel, a gourd, an animal horn, a shell, a cloth bundle — anything that will hold spiritually charged…

Rowan cross

1846 CE to now

Two rowan twigs laid across each other and bound at the crossing with red thread or wool, a few inches across. A variant is a loop rather than a cross: a single withy…

St Christopher medal

452 CE to now

A stamped metal disc, 15 to 30 mm across, showing a bearded giant wading a river with a staff in one hand and a child on his shoulder. Aluminium, tin, brass, silver and…

Talismanic shirt

1375 CE – 1899 CE

A shirt covered in writing. Verses from the Qur'an, the names of God, the names of prophets, or numbers, laid across the cloth in blocks and grids and roundels…

Teru teru bōzu

1603 CE to now

A small handmade doll of tissue paper or cloth, white, a ball of stuffing for a head with the cloth falling loose below it and a string tied round the neck.

Witch bottle

1500 CE to now

A stoppered vessel filled with the afflicted person's urine and with sharp iron — pins, needles, nails — then hidden.

Living (15)

Agadez cross

1900 CE to now

A cast pendant, usually silver, with a ring or loop at the top and a flared, spreading body below — sometimes a cross, more often a shape between a cross and a shield.

Akua'ba

1800 CE to now

A small wooden figure with a large flat disc for a head, a ringed neck and a short body, usually with arms out to the sides.

Coptic cross tattoo

640 CE to now

A small cross tattooed on the inside of the right wrist. The usual design is the Coptic cross: two bold lines of equal length crossing at right angles, each arm ending…

Gris-gris

1700 CE to now

A small cloth pouch, worn on the body, usually at the neck. Inside: verses of the Qur'an written on pieces of paper, herbs, and a set number of small objects.

Hamsa

800 BCE to now

An open palm, usually made symmetrical so it has a thumb on both sides, in silver more often than anything else, historically also carved in jet. An eye is often set in…

Hei matau

undated

A heavily stylised fish hook, carved in bone or pounamu — the Māori term for the hard green stones, chiefly nephrite jade, found only in the South Island — and worn at…

Hei-tiki

undated

A pendant of a human figure, head tilted, hands on thigh and chest or both on the thighs, carved from pounamu and suspended on a plaited cord fastened with a loop and…

Hirz

1900 CE to now

A small case on a chain, rectangular or cylindrical, holding verses of the Qur'an written on paper inside. Usually silver.

Martenitsa

801 CE to now

Twisted white and red yarn, most often made into two small wool dolls: Pizho, the male one, mostly white; Penda, the female one, mostly red and wearing a skirt.

Mezuzah

300 BCE to now

A strip of parchment, handwritten by a trained scribe in indelible black ink with a quill, carrying Deuteronomy 6:4–9 and 11:13–21.

Nazar

1600 BCE to now

A handmade glass bead: concentric circles, or a teardrop, in dark blue, white, light blue and black, sometimes rimmed in yellow or gold.

Qur'an pendant

901 CE to now

A metal case at the throat with scripture inside it. Sometimes a whole miniature Qur'an, protected by an illuminated metal cover; sometimes a single verse on paper or…

Red string

1489 CE to now

A thin scarlet or crimson thread, usually wool, tied round the wrist as a bracelet or band. That is the whole object.

Ta'wiz

901 CE to now

Writing, folded up and worn. A ta'wiz can be a paper packet in a black pouch, a scroll in a tubular pendant case, letters carved into metal, or a framed dua on a wall.

Tefillin

1 CE to now

Two small black leather boxes with long black straps. The arm box goes on the upper non-dominant arm and its strap winds down the forearm, round the hand and round the…

Medieval (24)

Agnus Dei

800 CE to now

A disc of wax, round or oval, with a lamb pressed into one face. The lamb carries a cross or a flag; the reverse usually takes a saint, or the name and arms of the…

Azabache

1400 CE to now

A piece of jet — fossil wood, black, warm to the touch, light in the hand — cut either as a small clenched fist with the thumb pushed between the first two fingers, or…

Brown Scapular

1250 CE to now

Two small rectangles of brown wool, a few inches across, joined by two cloth bands. One rectangle sits on the chest, the bands run over the shoulders, the other…

Bujeok

1100 CE to now

A paper talisman drawn by a mudang, the ritual specialist of Korean vernacular religion. The figures on it are built out of Hanja, the Korean forms of Chinese logograms…

Caul

1000 CE – 1999 CE

A piece of birth membrane that comes away with a newborn and clings to the head and face — usually the thin translucent inner lining, the amnion.

Corn dolly

600 CE to now

A hollow shape plaited from the last sheaf of a harvest: a figure, a knot, a lantern, a crown, a fan, a horseshoe.

Ethiopian talismanic scroll

1500 CE to now

A long strip of parchment — goat or sheep hide, soaked, dried, stretched, scraped and washed until it takes ink — painted with prayers in Ge'ez and with talismanic…

Holy rider pendant

501 CE – 1299 CE

A small disc or pendant, bronze on the early Byzantine examples and lead on the medieval ones.

Horseshoe

910 CE to now

A U of iron, drilled with nail holes, that spent its first life nailed to a hoof. As a charm it is the used one: worn thin at the toe, still carrying nail stubs, fixed…

Illa

1400 CE to now

A small carved animal, usually a llama or alpaca, cut from hard stone — the Dallas Museum of Art's Inca example is green and black — with a cylindrical hole sunk into…

Jimat

1200 CE to now

A class rather than a shape. Jimat covers any object or piece of writing hung on a body, a vehicle or a building to keep its owner from harm.

Keris pusaka

1200 CE to now

An asymmetrical dagger in three parts: blade (bilah), hilt (hulu) and sheath (warangka).

Lung ta prayer flag

1040 CE to now

A square or oblong of coloured cloth, printed from a woodblock, sewn along its top edge to a long string with others.

Mjölnir pendant

700 CE – 1100 CE

A small hammer worn head-down at the throat: short haft, wide splayed head, a suspension loop or ring where the handle should end.

Navaratna ring

undated

Nine stones set together in gold or silver, one for each of the nine bodies of Hindu astrology, with a ruby at the centre for the Sun.

Ofuda

710 CE to now

A flat talisman issued by a shrine or a temple: a sheet of paper, a thin rectangular plaque in a paper sleeve, or a wooden tablet, carrying the name of the shrine or of…

Omikuji

1409 CE to now

A narrow strip of printed paper drawn at random from a box at a shrine or temple, for a small offering.

Palad khik

undated

A carved phallus, from a couple of inches to several feet long, in wood, metal, bone, horn or ivory, usually with sacred inscriptions cut into it.

Rudraksha

undated

A hard brown seed-stone, ridged from top to bottom, drilled and strung at the throat.

Sak yant

800 CE to now

A tattoo. Geometric yantra, animals and deities, set about with phrases in Pali, Khmer or Northern Thai, pricked into the skin with a long needle — traditionally a metal…

Tabiz

900 CE to now

A written prayer, folded small and shut inside something. In South Asia the container is usually a flat or tubular metal case on a black cord at the neck or tied to the…

Takrut

1200 CE to now

A tube. A thin sheet of metal or a strip of palm leaf is inscribed with yant — sacred geometry and Pali phrases — then rolled tight into an elongated scroll and bound…

Tama

undated

A small metal plaque, base metal or precious, with an image embossed on it: a heart, an eye, a hand, a leg, a whole kneeling figure, a house, a baby, a ship. A ribbon…

Yantra plate

undated

A geometric diagram, drawn on paper, painted, or engraved into a sheet of metal, and usually smaller and less coloured than a mandala.

Modern (30)

Bagua mirror

undated

An octagonal or circular plaque with the eight trigrams set around a mirror at its centre. The mirror is flat, convex or concave, and which one it is decides what the…

Car saint

1900 CE to now

A stamped metal medal clipped to a sun visor or glued to a dashboard, or a miniature statue standing on it, showing a giant wading a river with a child on his shoulder.

Challenge coin

1950 CE to now

A struck metal disc the size of a large coin, bearing a unit's insignia or an organization's emblem, carried in a pocket.

Cimaruta

1899 CE to now

A silver sprig of rue with charms on the ends of its branches.

Cornicello

1500 CE to now

A single twisted horn, a few centimetres long, tapering to a point and pierced at the wide end for a chain. Gold, silver, plastic, bone, terracotta or red coral.

Crystal pendant

undated

A cut or tumbled stone hung at the neck, usually in a wire cage or a silver bezel: a six-sided quartz point, a rose quartz lozenge, a lump of amethyst, a polished bead…

Daruma

1764 CE to now

A hollow papier-mâché figure, round, weighted at the base so it rights itself when knocked over, usually red, with a bearded scowling face and two oversized white eyes…

Dreamcatcher

1929 CE to now

A willow hoop with a net woven across it in sinew or plant cordage, tied off at a centre point, sometimes with feathers or beads added. Hung over a cradleboard or a bed.

Evil eye bracelet

1600 BCE to now

One or more blue-and-white eye beads on an elastic cord, a chain or a red string, sized for a wrist.

Exam charm

1979 CE to now

Four different objects doing one job. A brocade pouch a few centimetres long, the shrine's name woven into it, a paper or wooden prayer sealed inside and not to be…

Game-day charm

1887 CE to now

Whatever was in the room the last time it went well. A pair of borrowed baseball shoes. A round rock picked up off a field. A uniform number. A cap turned inside out and…

Gau

2000 CE to now

A metal box worn shut. Himalayan Art Resources calls the type a portable shrine, generally made from metal worked in repoussé — hammered from the back so the design…

Hex sign

1800 CE to now

A painted disc on the side of a barn: usually a star inside a circular border, in bright colour on white.

Inuit amulet

1900 CE to now

Small worked or unworked pieces of animal and bird — bone, claw, tooth, skin, feather — sewn to clothing or carried, one amulet to one spirit. There is no single form.

Maneki-neko

1852 CE to now

A seated cat, one forepaw raised palm-down in a beckoning fold, usually holding an oval koban coin in the other. The classic figure is a calico Japanese Bobtail.

Miraculous Medal

1832 CE to now

An oval stamped medal, worn at the neck on a chain. The front shows a woman standing on a globe, crushing a serpent's head, rays coming from rings on her hands, inside…

Nimbu mirchi

undated

A lime and seven green chillies threaded on a string and hung at a doorstep, over a shop counter or from the back of a vehicle. Nothing is worn and nothing is written.…

Ojo de venado

undated

A hard round seed of a Mucuna vine, dark and glossy with a broad black band across it, which is why it reads as an eye at arm's length.

Omamori

1603 CE to now

A small brocade pouch, a few centimetres tall, drawn shut at the top with a cord and printed with the name of the shrine or temple that issued it.

Ongon

1700 CE to now

Two things under one word. An ongon is a spirit in the shamanic belief of Mongolia — after death, shamans become shamanic souls, ongod — and it is also the made object…

Patuá

undated

A small sewn packet, worn at the neck or carried, closed over whatever was put inside it.

Phone charm

1995 CE to now

A small figure, bead, tassel or brocade pouch on a thin cord, knotted with a lark's head through a hole in a phone or a case.

Phra khrueang

1866 CE to now

A small pressed image of the Buddha, a revered monk, a bodhisattva or a deva — a tablet a couple of centimetres across, in plaster, metal, wood or bone, often with ash…

Ping'an fu

undated

A sheet of yellow paper inscribed with sacred symbols, folded into a bagua shape or a rectangle and slipped into a red cloth sleeve.

Rabbit's foot

1884 CE to now

A rabbit's hind foot, dried, carried in a pocket. Grander ones are capped in metal and hung from a chain; Theodore Roosevelt wrote in his autobiography that the boxer…

Senninbari

1894 CE – 1945 CE

A strip of cloth, usually white, about 15 centimetres wide and 90 to 120 centimetres or more long, carrying a thousand stitches or knots — commonly red, because white…

Sungkhor

2000 CE to now

A diagram on paper, folded down to a small packet and bound in coloured thread.

Toli

1940 CE to now

A metal disc, brass, copper or bronze, ornamented on one face and polished on the other, worn on a shaman's body.

Tupilaq

undated

Two different things share this name, and a reader should hold them apart.

Worry stone

undated

A smooth polished gemstone, usually an oval with a thumb-sized dish worn into one face, about 3 centimetres across. It is held between index finger and thumb, and the…

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